英语是一种西日耳曼语支，最早被中世纪的英国使用，并因其广阔的殖民地而成为世界使用面积最广的语言。这次小编给大家整理了高一英语必修一unit4知识点总结，供大家阅读参考。
重点词汇、短语
1. right away 立刻，马上(= at once = in no time)
2. asleep 睡着的;熟睡地(fall asleep 入睡)
sleep 睡;睡眠
sleepy 犯困的
3. it seems that/as if… 看来好像…;似乎
4. in ruins 成为废墟
5. the number of …的数量(做主语时，谓语动词用单数)
a number of 大量(做主语时，谓语动词用复数)
6. rescue workers 营救人员
come to one’s rescue 营救某人
7. be trapped 被困
8. how long 多长时间
how often 多久一次，指频率
how soon 还要多久(用于将来时当中，用in+时间段回答)
9. hundreds of thousands of 成千上万的
10. dig out 挖出
11. shake----泛指“动摇，震动”,常指左右、上下动摇，也可以指人“震惊，颤抖”
例：She felt the earth shaking under him.
She was shaken with anger.
quake---- 指较强烈的震动，如地震
The building quaked on its foundation.
tremble---- 指人由于寒冷、恐惧、不安等引起的身体的抖动或声音的颤抖
例：Suddenly I saw her lips begin to tremble and tears begin to flow down hercheeks.
shiver---- 多指寒冷引起的颤抖、哆嗦
例：A sudden gust of cold wind made me shiver.
12. rise (rose—risen)---- vi, 上升;升起， 无被动语态
give rise to 引起
raise(raised—raised)---- vt, 举起;筹集;养育
arise ( arose—arisen)----vt, 出现(常指问题或现象)
13. injure---- 常指因意外事故造成的损伤，也可以指感情上名誉上的伤害
例：He was injured in a car accident.
harm---- 泛指“伤害，损害”，既可以指有生命的，也可以指无生命的
例：He was afraid that his fury(暴怒) would harm the child.
His business was harmed for some reason.
hurt---- 既可以指肉体上的伤害，也可以指精神上的伤害
例：She hurt her leg when she fell.
He felt hurt at your word.
wound---- 一般指枪伤、刀伤等在战场上受的伤
例：The bullet wounded him in the arm.
14. be prepared for …= make preparations for… 为…做准备
15. in one’s honor 向…表示敬意;为纪念
be/feel honored to do… 做…感到很荣幸
16. make /give/deliver a speech 发言
opening speech 开幕词
17. give/ provide shelter to… 向…提供庇护所
seek shelter from… 躲避
18. happen to do sth. 偶然;碰巧
happen ----指偶然发生
take place----指事先计划好的事情发生
重点句型
1. The number of people who were killed or injured in the earthquakereached more than 400,000.(定语从句)
死伤的人数达到40多万。
2. The army organized the rescue workers to dig out those who were trappedand to bury the dead. (定语从句)
部队组织救援人员将受困的人们挖出来，将死者掩埋。
3. All hope was not lost. = Not all hope was lost.(部分否定)
不是所有的希望都破灭了。
4. None of us were allowed to go there.(全部否定)
我们全都不许去那里。
5. He rescued the man from drowning.
他救了一男子使之免遭溺毙。
6. An earthquake left the whole city in ruins.
地震过后，全城到处是残垣断壁。
7. I feel highly honoured by your trust.
得到你的信任，我感到非常荣幸。
8. Professor Yu organized his thoughts before giving the speech.
于教授在演讲之前组织了一下思路。
9. Many people took shelter from the rain in the department store.
许多人在百货公司里避雨。
10. It seemed that the world was at an end as the earthquake destroyednearly everything.
世界似乎到了末日，因为地震几乎毁了一切。
11. People began to wonder how long the disaster would last.
人们开始纳闷，这场灾难还会持续多久?
12. They used candles all the time instead of electricity.
他们一直用蜡烛，没有用电。
13. The one million people of the city, who thought little of these strangeevents, went to bed as usual that night.(非限制性定语从句)
这城市的一百万居民几乎都没有把这些奇怪的情况当一回事，当天晚上照常上床睡觉了。
14. We’d better prepare him for the bad news.
我们最好让他做好知道这个坏消息的心理准备。
15. The rubbish gave out a smelly gas.
垃圾发出一阵臭味。
16. I am getting in touch with him right away.
我马上跟他联系。
17. Are you willing to do public service work without pay?
你愿意无偿从事公益活动吗?
18. Do you easily lose heart when you are in trouble?
你处于不幸中时容易丧失信心吗?
语法总结
定语从句
概念：在复合句中，修饰名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。
成分：先行词，即被定语从句修饰的名词或代词;关系代词：that，which，who(宾格为whom,所有格为whose);或者关系副词where，when，why等。关系代词或关系副词处在先行词和定语从句之间，起着连接主从句的作用。
1. 关系代词that的用法
关系代词that在定语从句中既能指人，也能指物;既能做主语，也能做宾语。
例：1)A plane is a machine that can fly. (指物，作主语)
2)The noodles (that) I cooked were delicious. (指物，作宾语，可省略)
3)Who is the man that is reading a book over there? (指人，作主语)
4)The girl (that) we saw yesterday was Jim’s sister,(指人，作宾语，可省略)
2. 关系代词which的用法
关系代词which在定语从句中只能指物，既可以做宾语也能作主语。
例：1)They planted some trees which didn’t need much water. (作主语)
2)The fish (which) we bought this morning were not fresh. (作宾语，可省略)
3. 关系代词who，whom的用法
关系代词who,whom 只能指人，在定语从句中分别作主语和宾语
例：1)The foreigner who helped us yesterday is from USA.(作主语)
2)The person to whom you just talked to is Mr. Li. (作宾语，可省略)
4. 关系代词whose的用法
关系代词whose为关系代词who的所有格形式，其先行词既可以是人也可以是物，whose和它所修饰的名词在定语从句中既可以做主语也可以做宾语。
例：1)This is the scientist whose name is known all over the world.(指人，作主语)
2) The room whose window faces south is mine. (指物，作主语)
3)He has written a book whose name I’ve forgotten. (指物，作宾语)
5. 关系副词when的用法
关系副词when在定语从句中作时间状语
例：1)I’ll never forget the time when (=during which) we worked on thefarm.
2) Do you remember the afternoon when (=on which) we first met three yearsago?
6. 关系副词where在定语从句中的用法
关系副词where在定语从句中做地点状语
例：1)This is the place where( =at/in which) we first met.
2) The hotel where (= in which ) we stayed wasn’t very clean.
7. 关系副词why在定语从句中的用法
关系副词why在定语从句中作原因状语
例: 1). I didn’t get a pay rise, but this wasn’t the reason why(= for which)I left.
2). The reason why (=for which) he has late was that he missed thetrain.
很多人都有看过美国电影，其实看电影学习英语也是不错的方式，可以保持对学习的新鲜感，搭配字幕观看，还有助于记忆单词，帮助纠正不良的口语习惯。
听英文歌也是很多人都喜欢做的事，它也可以帮助我们学习英语，可以学习歌词中单词的连接以及如何将语句写的通顺并且有美感，还可以锻炼英文写作能力。
也可以看原声新闻和听广播电，节目中主持人和播报原都经过专业训练，英语读音规范化，听的过程中可以学习语句的发音特点以及单词的使用，对于英语口语训练有很大的帮助。
英语的学习在日常生活中也会用到。最开始说英语可能会说的不好但是要有信心，你只有将其表达出来，才会发现自己的不足并去弥补。
做任何事情都要坚持，尤其是语言学习，在语言学习中如果间断，知识会出现遗漏。对单词的记忆会模糊，句子表达不准确，所以要每天给自己制定目标坚持下去。
单词是英语学习的基础，背诵单词需要每天计划好背诵量，将不熟悉的单词记录下来第二天再进行学习。学习一段时间后可以给自己来个小测验，温故而知新。
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