定语从句作为英语语法，在学习过程中属于中较难理解与掌握的部分，也正是由于其复杂程度较高、逻辑性较强、理解难度很大，屡屡让童鞋们在考试中丢分数、失信心、丧斗志!接下来小编为大家整理了高一英语学习的内容，一起来看看吧!
概念
定语可以由形容词、名词、代词、分词、不定式以及介词短语等来担任，也可以由一个句子来充当，充当定语功能的句子称为定语从句。
定语从句“三要素”
1.先行词：被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词
①指人的先行词
②指物的先行词
★ 先行词还可以是前面整个句子所叙述的事情。
He has passed the driving test, which surprises all of us. (which替代前面所叙述的事情) 先行词
2.关系词：引导定语的词
(1)关系词的作用
①替代前面的先行词(替代作用)
②连接主句和定语从句(连接作用)
③在定语从句中作句子成分(成分作用)
(2)关系词的分类
①标准：根据关系词在从句中做的句子成分种类
②关系代词：在从句中做 主，宾，表，定(that/which/who/whom/whose/as)
③关系副词：在从句中作状语(When/where/why)
3.定语从句：用来做定语，修饰限定先行词的句子
定语从句的分类
1.限制性定语从句：对先行词起限定修饰作用。
He is a teacher who works at our school.
2.非限制性定语从句：对先行词起补充说明作用(先行词与定语从句之间有逗号隔开)
Beijing, which is the capital of China, is a beautiful city with a long history.
比较：
He has two sons, who work in the same company.
(He has only two sons.)
He has two sons who work in the same company.
(Perhaps he has two more sons)
定语从句的10个难点
1.关系代词的省略(限定性定语从句)
(1)关系代词在定语从句中作宾语
She is the girl (whom / that) I loved before. (可以省略whom/that)
(2)关系代词在定语从句中作表语
He is no longer the boy (that) he used to be. (可以省略that)
(3)关系代词作介词宾语，介词在从句句尾时可以省略
Housing price is a problem (that/which) people are interested in.
比较：
Housing price is a problem in which people are interested.(此时只能用which且不能省略)
2.先行词是人(that/who的区别)
(1)用that的情况
①以疑问词who开头的句子中
Who is the man that is shouting there?
②关系代词在从句中作表语时
She is not the girl that she used to be.
③先行词被the very, the right, the only修饰
This is the very person that we are looking for.
(2)用who的情况
①先行词是one, ones, anybody, all, none, those 等
Those who want to go to the cinema will have to wait at the gate of the school.
②句子中有两个定语从句,一个用了that,另外一个用who
Who is the boy that won the gold medal?
③在there be 结构中
There are many young men who are against him.
④在非限定性定语从句当中
Tom, who is my best friend, has gone abroad to study.
3.先行词是物(that / which的区别)
(1)用which的情况
①在非限定性定语从句中
She lost the game, which depressed her greatly.
②关系词置于介词之后，作宾语
The pen with which you write is Jack’s.
③先行词是that或定语从句中套定语从句,一个关系词用that,另一个用which.
Let me show you the novel that I borrowed from the library which is newly open to us.
(2)用that的情况
①先行词是不定代词如all, little, few, much,anything, everything, nothing, none, no one等
She did all that she could to help us.
②先行词被all, every, no, some, little, much, the only, he very, the right，the last等所修饰时
This is the very book that I want.
③先行词中既有人又有物时
She described in her compositions the people and he places that impressed her most.
④先行词前有序数词或形容词最高级修饰时
This is the best book that I have ever read.
This is the first film that I’ve seen since I came here.
⑤定语从句中套定语从句，其中一个关系词以用which, 另外一个用that
He built a factory which produced things that had never been seen before.
⑥当主句的主语是疑问词which,另一个用that
Who is the person that is standing at the gate?
4.As引导定语从句用法
(1)As 既可以引导限制性定语从句也可以用于非限定性定句中充当主语，宾语，表语等。
常用于以下句型当中：Such/so….. as…. 像…..一样 the same …. as… 和…...同样的
A computer is so useful a machine as we can use everyday.
He is not the same man as he was.
(2)引导非限制性定语从句，此时译为“正如，像”等。 可以放在句首，句中或句末。
As I remember, there were a net bar here.
Taiwan is an inseparable part of China, as is known to all.
★the same as...和the same that...引导定语从句的区别
This is the same bike that I lost yesterday. (同一事物)
This is the same bike as I lost yesterday. (同类事物)
5.关系副词的运用
(1)When 在定语从句中做时间状语，先行词为表示时间的time, day等
I still remember the day when I first came to Beijing. (when=on which)
(2)Where 在定语从句中做地点状语，先行词为表地点的place, spot等
Can you tell me the office where he works?
(where = in which)
(3)Why 在定语从句中做原因状语，先行词只有reason.
I don’t want to listen to any reason why you were absent.
(why = for which)
★ 关系副词 = 相应的介词 + 关系代词
★ Where引导的定语从句还可以修饰抽象空间的名词如case(情形)，situation, position(位置),stage (阶段)，point(地步)等
What are the situations where body language is the only form of communication?
在哪些情况下身体语言是唯一的沟通方式。(此时where = in which)
6.几个特殊的先行词
(1)way在定语从句中做状语时的三种引导方式 that / in which / 不填
The way in which / that / 不填 he explains the sentence to us is quite simple.
比较：The way which /that/不填 he told to us was quite simple.
★way在定语中作tell的宾语
(2)先行词time
time表示“次数”时，用关系代词that引导定语从句
This is the first time that the president has visited the country.
time作“一段时间” 讲时，应用关系副词when
This was the time when there were no radios, no telephones or no TV sets
★此时when = during which 在..期间
(3)先行词reason当在定语从句中作状语时，定语从句的4种引导方式 why/for which/that/不填
This is the reason why/for which/that/不填 he can not come here.
比较：Is this the reason that/which/不填he explained to us for his absence from the conference.
★reason 在定语从句中做explain的宾语
7.介词+关系代词
★该结构的关系代词只有两种即 介词+which(指物) 介词+whom(指人)
★该结构介词的选用原则：
(1)根据定语从句中谓语动词的习惯搭配
This is the book on which I spent $ 8.
This is the book for which I paid $ 8.
(2)根据先行词的搭配习惯
I remember the days during which I lived there.
I remember the day on which I graduated from university.
(3)根据整个句子所表达的意思来决定
The colorless gas without which we can’t live is called oxygen.
(4)英语中为了强调某一名词，不定式前面也可以加上关系代词。
Here is the money with which to buy the piano.
She is the right person on whom to depend
注意：
①如果介词后移，关系代词可以省略
The person (whom/who/that) you will write to is Todd.
②有些含有介词的动词短语介词不能提前如look for/after; take care of; send for; hear from/of/about deal with等
This is the baby that you will look after.
8.定语从句的主谓一致
(1)当先行词是 one of + 复数名词，定语从句的位于动词要用复数形式
The Great Wall is one of the world-famous buildings that draw lots of visitor every year.
(2)当先行词是 the only + one of +复数名词，从句谓语用单数形式
The Great Wall is the only one of the buildings on the earth that is seen from the moon.
(3)先行词如果是整个句子，定语从句的谓语动词用单数
Great changes have taken place in China, as is known to all.
He has passed the driving test, which surprises all of us.
9.定语从句的转化
定语从句可以转换为 –ing或-ed形式
The girl (who is) dancing now just returned from Taiwan.
I love the stories (which were) written by Hemingway.
The man (who stands) standing there is my friend.
10. 定语从句的解题方法
(1)判断从句是否为定语从句 (先行词，关系词，定语从句)
(2)准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分(主、宾、表、定、状)从而正确选定使用关系代词或关系副词
注意：
①关系代词whose的用法。Whose在定语从句中做定语。
当先行词是人： whose = the + 名词 + of whom
当先行词是物：whose = the + 名词 + of which
Do you know the boy whose parents / the parents of whom are on holiday?
I’d like a room whose window / the window of which faces the sea.
②That引导定语从句，名词性从句 和 强调句型的区别:
定语从句中的that: 关系代词，在后面的定语从句中做句子成分。
名词性从句中的that：从属连词，只起连接主从句的作用，在从句中不做句子成分。
强调句中的that, 运用于it is/was…that..结构;判断标准：去掉强调句型结构，成分仍然完整。
比较：
This is the book that I am looking for.
(that 引导定语从句)
It is at Bashu middle school that I have studied for three years.
(that和前面的it is构成强调句型)
The fact that he stole the money surprised all of us.
(that 引导名词性从句--同位语从句)
That he will come to the conference has excited all of us.
(that引导名词性从句--主语从句)
We all expect that they win, for members of their team are stronger.
(that引导名词性从句--宾语从句)
The reason for your failure is that you lack confidence in yourself.
(that 引导名词性从句--表语从句)
高一英语学习有方法
1注意学习动力的培养
学习动力的培养包括学习需要、动机、兴趣、效力和情感等非智力因素的开发。
随着中国加入WTO，大部分学生已意识到英语的重要性，认为学习英语很有必要，学生有这样的学习动机，教师应正确引导，培养学生克服困难的信心和毅力，充分调动学生的主观能动性。而且，高一大部分学生喜欢英语，认为英语非常有趣。兴趣是最好的老师，教师应充分利用这一优势，开展形式多样的教学活动，如英语角、英语演讲比赛、英语诗歌朗诵会、英语歌曲等，使学生的兴趣得以长期保持，从而主动、积极地学习英语、学好英语。
2注重对学习方法的指导
学习方法的指导包括引导学生掌握预习、听课、课堂笔记、课堂小结、完成作业、复习、参看课外资料等正确的学习方法。
1)预习
预习是学习方法的问题，也是学习习惯的问题。课前预习是听好课的基础，也是培养学生自主学习能力的有效方法之一。高一大部分学生没有养成自觉预习习惯。有的学生是老师要求预习就预习和想起来就预习，而且预习的方法大都是把新课内容看一遍，而通过预习找出重点和疑难点的学生却比较少。预习时优等生经常采取找问题的方法。中等生和学习困难生基本上采用把新课内容看一遍的预习方法，而且只停留于完成老师布置的任务，学习主动性较差。还有的学生根本不预习，可见，预习是高一学生英语学习过程中相当薄弱的环节。因此，要逐渐培养学生的自主预习的良好习惯。预习的内容很多，如：运用拼读规则和音标学习生词;预习新课内容，了解大意，回答有关问题;找出难点并做上标记;听录音、模仿跟读等。
2)听课
听课是学习过程中最重要的环节，听课效率高的学生往往能够在课堂上掌握老师讲授的大部分内容。学生听课要主动、积极，跟上老师的思维，坚持做到：紧跟各个教学环节，如复习、引入、呈现、练习、和巩固;要集中精力，听懂老师的讲解;积极参与课堂教学活动，如回答问题、参与对话、角色表演、复述等。
3)课堂笔记
做课堂笔记是掌握知识过程中的一个重要环节，但大部分高一学生却不会做课堂笔记。做课堂笔记一定要有取舍，切忌抄板书，应在听懂老师讲解的基础上，择其重点边听边记，努力提高听课效率，力争在课堂上解决知识问题。
4)课堂小结
课堂小结有助于回顾和整理课堂所学的重要内容。进行课堂小结时，老师常采用自我小结、做练习、听老师小结和重温课本等多种方式。在进行课堂小结时，应积极加入老师组织的各种活动中，充分发挥自己的自主性。进一步与老师和同学分析讨论，以深化对问题的认识，在互动、探究式的学习氛围梳理好每一节课的内容。
5)作业
课外作业是巩固、应用知识和提高能力的一种手段，也是课堂教学的必要补充，必须独立完成，引导学生一定要认真对待作业，态度端正，方法正确，一般学生采用先做再看书，很少采用先看书再做的方式，而且，有一部分学生仍有抄别人作业的行为，这说明这些学生还没有形成基本的学习习惯。从教学的连贯性来看，一般应在完成作业前先看书，待比较清晰地掌握了所学的知识后，再通过完成作业来自检学习情况，强化对有关内容的记忆。英语作业分为口头作业和笔头作业，对语言学习来说，朗读、记忆、背诵等口头作业十分重要。
6)复习
复习是加深对所学知识系统理解和巩固的过程，是提高语言应用能力的重要环节。复习应根据自己的知识、缺漏和学习特点选择合适的方法，作到事半功倍的效果。复习分为常规复习和考前复习。要让学生坚持常规复习，每天抽出一定的时间，对当天所学的内容进行及时的消化与巩固，如有不懂的，应及时地请教同学和老师，绝不能不懂装懂，此外还应注意收集错题，尤其是带有知识性错误的题目，定期再做，自己做好查漏补缺;考前复习一定要有针对性，采取针对自己知识缺漏的情况，在老师的指导下自我选题进行自测。
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