半坡导游词(通用20篇)

Dear guests

Hello! Entrusted by the tourism and reception departments, I would like toextend a warm welcome to all the guests visiting Qufu, a famous city. I am veryglad to be accompanied by a tour guide. This is a good opportunity for us toenjoy and study together. Please leave your valuable comments after reading.

First of all, I would like to briefly introduce the history and culturalrelics of Qufu.

Qufu, a famous historical and cultural city, is the hometown of Confucius,a great thinker, educator, politician, literature arranger and sage of the worldin ancient China, the hometown of Mencius, the birthplace of Xuanyuan YellowEmperor, the ancestor of the Chinese nation, the capital of Yan Emperor, thehometown of Shang and Yin, and the capital of Lu. Four of the three emperors andfive emperors lived and worked here for more than 5000 years. There are abundanttreasures underground and numerous cultural relics on the ground. At present,there are 112 cultural relics, including UN protected units, 3 World CulturalHeritage sites, 4 national protected sites, 12 provincial protected sites, andothers protected at prefecture level.

The most important ones are "three Confucius, two temples and onemausoleum", "three mountains, two forests and one temple". Confucius Temple,Confucius Mansion and Confucius forest are commonly known as "three Confucius".There are temples dedicated to Zhou Gong, the sage of the Yuan Dynasty in China,and temples dedicated to Fusheng Yanhui, the first disciple of Confucius, whichare commonly known as "two temples"; Yiling is SHAOHAO mausoleum in Shouqiu, thebirthplace of Yellow Emperor; Sanshan; and Jiuxian mountain (also known asJiushan), the birthplace of Confucius. The second forest is: mengmulin, the bestmother to educate children in the world, lianggonglin, the burial place ofConfucius parents; "Yisi" is the place where Li Bai and Du Fu wrote poems,answered correctly and parted. The famous scholar Kong Shangren lived inseclusion in Shimen temple, the national garden.

Now lets look at the Confucius Temple.

Confucius Temple, also known as Zhisheng temple, is a place for offeringsacrifices to Confucius and his wife Qi Guan and 72 sages. Together with theForbidden City in Beijing and Chengde summer resort in Hebei, Confucius Templeis known as Chinas three major ancient architectural complexes. Experts saidfour words to Confucius Temple: the oldest, the most grand, the most completepreservation, and the most prominent Oriental architectural features. Twoproblems can be seen from the Confucius Temple: one is the great contribution ofConfucius to China and even the oriental culture; the other is that China hascraftsmen in history.

Confucius Temple was built in 478 BC, the year after Confucius died. In theformer residence of Confucius, three temples were built to display Confuciusclothes, cars, books and so on. The Confucius Temple was expanded by emperors ofall dynasties, including 15 major repairs, 31 medium repairs and hundreds ofminor repairs, reaching the present scale. The Confucius Temple imitates theimperial palace. It is divided into three layout, nine courtyards. It has 466houses and 54 gates and pavilions. It runs through a central axis from east towest. There are nearly one thousand steles, covering an area of 327.5 mu, whichis two Li and 150 meters long. The Confucius Temple we see now is the scale ofthe Hongzhi period of the Ming Dynasty. After liberation, the state allocatedfunds for maintenance and protection for many times. The first batch of nationalkey cultural relic protection units announced by China were listed as worldcultural heritage in December 1994, and became cultural relic units protected bythe United Nations. Confucius Temple has been built for a long time, has a largescale, and is completely preserved, which is rare in the world.

Shinto. "Wanren palace wall" before the ancient cypress vigorous thissection of the road is "Shinto". In front of important temples, there is aspecial way of respecting and understanding, which is called "Shinto".

Wanren palace wall. This gate is the South Gate of Ming City in Qufu, andit is also the first gate of Confucius Temple. It is hung with the fourcharacters of "Wanren palace wall", which was written by Emperor Qianlong ofQing Dynasty. It comes from Zi Gong, the proud disciple of Confucius. At themeeting of the state of Lu, it was proposed that Zigongs knowledge was broadand profound, which could be compared with Confucius. Zigong stood upimmediately and said, I dare not compare with my teacher Confucius. Humanknowledge is like a wall. My wall is only one Ren high, and my teachers wall isseveral Ren high. That is to say, my knowledge is equal to a shoulder high,clear at a glance, nothing profound; Confucius knowledge is several times asmuch as mine, after detailed research, comprehensive discussion, we canunderstand all of him, after entering the door, we can see the beauty of thetemple, you cant see it outside the door. In order to describe Confuciusprofound knowledge, later generations changed from the masters wall to "hundredRen" and "thousand Ren" to the emperor of Ming Dynasty who granted Confucius thetitle of "civil servant in the world, imperial teacher of all dynasties", andpraised Confucius knowledge as "ten thousand Ren". Looking up, we cant see thetop. It also said that the wall was very solid. These four words were originallywritten by the imperial envoy of Ming Dynasty. In order to show that he attachedgreat importance to Confucius, Qianlong replaced his imperial pen with hispersonal letter "Wanren palace wall".

Jin Sheng Yu Zhen Fang. This workshop was built in Ming Dynasty to expressConfucius exquisite and perfect knowledge, just like the whole process ofplaying music, which is complete from beginning to end. Ancient music beginswith the ringing of a bell, which starts with the sound of "the beginning oforder" and ends with the striking of a chime. The sound of "jade vibration" isthe sound of the falling of the chime, which is called "the end of order".Praising Confucius knowledge is a great achievement of the sages and sages, soit is called "the sound of gold and the sound of jade vibration". The sound of"golden sound" is the sound of the bell, which starts with the sound of "jadevibration" and ends with the sound of the chime. This is also the source of theidiom "start and finish". "Jin Sheng Yu Zhen" was written by Hu zuanzong, agreat calligrapher in Ming Dynasty.

"Two cypresses bear one hole". There is an ancient cypress in the East andwest of the single hole stone arch bridge passing yuzhenfang, so it is called"two cypresses bear one hole". This bridge is called "Panshui bridge", which isconnected with the water in the pan pool beside the palace, so it is called "panwater". In the past, when I read the book of Confucius and Mencius, I wasadmitted to higher education, which is called "entering hope". Officials hope tobe promoted, do business, hope to get rich, and live a prosperous life.

Dismount monument. Outside the temple wall, there are two stone tablets,the Xiama tablet and Xiajiao tablet, which were set up in 1191 ad. The stele inthe West had been destroyed, and the stele in the East said, "officials andpeople wait to get off here.". In the past, civil and military officials andcommon people passed by, dismounted and walked on foot to show respect forConfucius and Confucius Temple.

Lattice star gate. It was built in the Ming Dynasty and rebuilt in 1754 ad.it was made of wood instead of iron and stone. "Lingxingmen" was written byEmperor Qianlong. It is said that there are twenty-eight constellations in thesky. Among them, there is a star in charge of culture called "Lingxing", alsoknown as "Wenqu star" and "tianzhenxing". It connects Confucius with the star incharge of culture in the sky and says that he is the highest in culture. Forexample, in the past, when worshiping heaven, we should first worship "Wenqustar". There is a saying that respecting Confucius is like respectingheaven.

Taihe Yuanqi square. This workshop was built in 1544 A.D. in the MingDynasty. It highly praises Confuciuss idea that "the space universe can nurtureall things.". "The harmony of heaven and earth, the harmony of the four sides,the harmony of yin and Yang" is the most basic thing, the harmony of theuniverse and the vitality of the human world. "Taihe Yuanqi" is written by ZengMian, governor of Shandong Province.

The most holy temple. The "Zhisheng Temple Square" built in the MingDynasty is made of white marble, decorated with flame jewels.

The world of moral Mou, the road crown ancient and modern. The East andwest of the Taoist temple are lined with a very strange memorial archway.Surrounded by wooden corner edges, there are a thousand heads and ten thousandcontinuations. There are eight monsters under it, which are called "Heavendragon and God lion". It is said that it is dignified and inspired, which candrive away evil and uphold justice. In the eastern memorial archway, it waswritten: "demou heaven and earth", saying that the benefits of Confucius ideasto human beings are as high as heaven and earth, and the merits and virtues canbe compared with heaven and earth. The memorial archway in the West reads"Daoguan ancient and modern", praising Confucius thoughts and methods, whichare the highest in the world.

Holy time gate. The three gates are parallel, the four platforms are thesame as above, and the central Panlong. The name of this gate comes fromMencius. For the four ancient sages, Boyi, Yiyin, liuxiahui and Confucius,Mencius summed up the Four Saints holy deeds into four sentences: Boyi is thesage of the Qing Dynasty, Yiyin is the sage of the appointed, liuxiahui is thesage of the sum, and Confucius is the sage of the time. "Shengshi" highlypraises Confucius thought, advocates enduring, and is a sage suitable for thetimes. When the emperor came to Qufu to court Confucius, he had to kneel downthree times and knock nine times, and walk through the gate of holy time. WhenYan Shenggong was born, he opened the gate of holy time. All go fast, the gateis high.

Lets have a quick look at the gate. That is to say, Confucius knowledgeof "Five Classics and four books" means that those who learn first have culturefirst, and those who learn first have knowledge first. They compete to learn,and it is a pleasure to see first and read first.

Look up at the door. It was named after Yan Huis praise of Confucius. YanHui said that the teachers way is to raise the top and drill the bottom. PraiseConfucius for his lack of knowledge, which is called "Mi Gao". It is difficultto understand classical Chinese, which is called "Mi Jian". Gao is notunattainable, but can be learned through hard work. Yan Hui said, "the masterfollowed the rules and was good at attracting people. He learned from me inwriting and said that I was polite." My teacher is good at persuasion, teachingme culture and courtesy.

Han stone man. In the pavilion of yanggaomenli, there are two Han stonepeople with high historical value. One is the "Pavilion leader" (a localofficial of Han Dynasty), and the other is the pawn of the palace gate. They areall guards in front of the tomb of the king of Lu. The stone man is valued bythe ancient scholars of epigraphy, which is of great value to the study of HanDynasty clothing and writing.

Jinshui bridge, this bridge, with the same name as the bridge in front ofthe Forbidden City, is also called Jinshui bridge, also known as Bishui bridge,with three holes arranged in a row and green water rippling.

Hongdaomen. Crossing jinshuiqiao is the "hongdaomen" appointed by theemperor of Ming Dynasty, which means "people can promote Taoism, not Taoism" inthe Analects of Confucius. Confucius is an ordinary literati, why become asaint? Praise Confucius summed up the experience of sages, especially carryforward the Yao, Shun, Yu Tang, civil and military Zhou Gongs way. "To say thatpeople can command and create everything is to praise peoples subjectiveinitiative." There are two stone tablets under the Hongdao gate. The four edgedstone tablet in the East is the "history of Qufu", which records the history ofQufus evolution. It was established in the Yuan Dynasty and has high historicalvalue. In the west is the "epitaph of Mr. Chushi", which has high calligraphyvalue.

Big middle gate. Dazhongmen is the gate of Confucius Temple in SongDynasty. It is called "Zhonghe gate", which means that problems can be solvedeasily with Confucius thoughts. In the Ming Dynasty, the temple was renamed as"the great gate of the middle", praising Confucius knowledge as a collection ofhuman knowledge. In the middle, it means "the right way of the world in themiddle, the theorem of the world in the middle". Those who leave the middle arenot the right way, but the evil way. That is to say, no left, no right, fair andjust, forward is the mean. There are two turrets at the East and West ends ofDazhong gate, which are used to guard the Confucius Temple.

Tongwenmen, four famous brands, Confucian temple. There are four monumentsin the middle gate. The tablet of Hongzhi in the west of the Ming Dynasty talksabout the ethics of the cardinal principles. On the right side of the Hongzhimonument is the "Confucian temple map" drawn by Li Dongyang, a talented man ofthe Ming Dynasty in Changsha, Hunan Province, which is of high value.

Chenghua stele was erected by Zhu Jianshen, the emperor of Chenghua in MingDynasty. There are two situations that have attracted the attention ofcelebrities of all ages. First, Chenghua tablets regular script is wellwritten, standardized, exquisite and attractive; The second is the highestevaluation of Confucius. Emperors of all dynasties have commented on Confucius.The highest evaluation is emperor Chenghua. He compares Confucius ideas andmethods to eating, dressing and spending money. One day is inseparable fromthem. With Confucius principles and methods, one can make the best use of onestalents, materials and land. Otherwise, it will be a mess. It is said that ifthere is Confucius way, there will be a world. If there is no Confucius way,there will be no world. If there is anti Confucius way, there will be no world.Such as the inscription said: "I only have Confuciuss way, the world can not bewithout Yan, there is Confuciuss way, then the principle of justice and ethics,everything has its own place..., Confuciuss way in the world, such as cloth SuShu, peoples livelihood daily use can not be short of,... Born Confuciusvertical for the holy, lifes safety, benevolence and righteousness in theright, the rise of the teachers way, from travel 3000, to the holy is thenext."

Tongwenmen. The meaning of the word "human heart" is the same as that ofthe text. That is to say, only with concerted efforts and unity can we do a goodjob; the writing should be unified, only with unified writing can we record theexperience of historical communication, and random writing will lead toconfusion. Tongwen gate is an important barrier in front of Kuiwen Pavilion.

Kuiwen Pavilion, originally a library, is a place for collecting booksgranted by the emperor. It was built in the second year of emperor Tianxi ofSong Dynasty (A.D. 1018), and was changed into "kuiwenge" when Jin Zhangzongrebuilt it. This unique and majestic building is entirely of wood structure,which is an isolated example in the construction of China building. Afterseveral earthquakes, kuiwenge was not destroyed. In the earthquake of Kangxi 5years in Qing Dynasty, "nine out of ten houses fell, one out of ten remained,and kuiwenge remained motionless.". Li Dongyang, the Minister of the Ministry ofofficial in Ming Dynasty, wrote "kuiwenge Fu", praising the architecturalresearch value of kuiwenge. Its the stele at the east end of the corridor.

In front of the pavilion, the eastern and Western courtyards are called"zhaisu", which is a place for worshippers to fast and bathe. Dongyuan is theresidence of Yan Shenggong, where Kangxi and Qianlong spent their time to wash.The West courtyard is the shelter of the sacrificial staff. Kong zhaoxun, theseventy-one generation grandson of Confucius, inlaid more than 130 steles in thetemple for worshiping Confucius in the song, yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties onthe wall of the courtyard, so xizhaisu is also known as the stele courtyard.

Thirteen stele pavilions. This is the sixth courtyard of the ConfuciusTemple. There are 55 steles in the pavilion, which were erected in Tang, song,Jin, yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties. The contents of the steles are the emperors,Imperial Envoys worship of Confucius, the posthumous title and evaluation ofConfucius. The records of the previous construction of the Confucius Temple arewritten in Han, Manchu, Mongolian and basiba languages. Eight in the South andfive in the north, so it is called thirteen stele pavilions. Because they areall steles approved by the emperor, they are also called imperial stelepavilions. The third and sixth pavilions in the front row from the East werebuilt in the Jin Dynasty and are rare buildings in China. All the steles arecalled "imperial steles". "Mian" is the mascot. It is said that the Dragon Kinghas nine sons, and it is the eighth son. It loves "Wen" and is good at carryingheavy loads. The stone tablet has heavy characters, which is suitable for itscharacteristics. The image should be the dragon head, turtle body, Eagle leg andsnake tail.

From the east to the north, the third Pavilion is a monument erected byEmperor Kangxi. Beijing Xishan stone by the Grand Canal, economic South andtransported here. Experts calculate that the monument weighs 130000 Jin. It wassplashed with water and frozen along the way from Jining. Sometimes it came overon the ice and only went to the land of lying cattle one day. Qufu originallyhad good stones, which should be transported from Beijing to show the emperorsattention to Confucius. There are two steles in the southeast and southwest ofthe courtyard, all of which are the records of the princes and ministers whobuilt temples and worshipped Confucius. The calligraphy value is very high.

There is one gate in the East and one in the west, Yucui gate in the Eastand Guande gate in the West. Commonly known as Donghuamen, xihuamen.

From here, the Confucius Temple is divided into three routes. The fivegates are Dacheng gate, Jinsheng gate on the left, Yuzhen gate on the right,Qisheng gate on the West and Chengsheng gate on the East. The architecturalstructure of dachengmen is "intertwined, intriguing". The center is inserted as"hook center", and the top of the left and right four corners is "bucket angle".The three characters of dachengmen were written by Emperor Yongzheng. PraiseConfucius is a collection of sages and sages, reached the supreme realm.

The first teacher planted juniper by hand. The tall and vigorous cypresstree on the left of Dacheng gate was planted by Confucius. According to records:Confucius cut three cypress trees here. In the second year of Jin Zhenyou (A.D.1214), they were destroyed by fire. The trees withered and sprouted newbranches. There were "three withers and three glories", and there was a sayingthat "cypress trees were flourishing every day.". During the Wanli period of theMing Dynasty, Yang Guangxun, a gifted scholar, wrote five characters: "the firstteacher planted cypress by hand.".

Two long corridors. On both sides of the two equal rows of houses, a totalof 80, known as the "East and West veranda", is dedicated to 72 sages. Confuciusis known as a disciple of three thousand, 72 people who are proficient in sixarts, literature and martial arts, worshipped in the East and West. All theemperors of the past dynasties were entitled to the sages. Such as DongZhongshu, Han Yu, Wang Mingyang, Zhuge Liang, Kou Zhun, Yue Fei and so on. Bythe time of the Republic of China, there were 156. The last sage is Mr. LiangQichao. The original statues and tablets were changed to wooden tablets.Dongxiwu now displays a collection of Zhonggui stone carvings before the SongDynasty. The most precious national treasures of Zhou gongxunzi and batpracticing medicine are 22 stone inscriptions of Han and Wei dynasties. The"ritual stele", "Yiying stele", "Shichen stele", "Zhang Menglong stele" and "MiFu stele" with extremely high calligraphy value are rare treasures. There aremore than 100 pieces of "Han Dynasty stone carvings" on display in Xiwu. Theyare all well-known art treasures and precious materials for the study of Han,Wei and other historical and social life. There are 584 stone inscriptions ondisplay at the north end of the East veranda, which are the yuhonglou sutraswritten by Kong Jisu, the 69 generation grandson of Confucius.

Apricot altar. It was built in memory of Confucius lecture. Confucius wasteaching to his disciples on the platform under the big apricot tree. In 1018A.D. of Song Dynasty, Confucius had 45 generations

Dear friends

Hello everyone! Welcome to Langshan, a world natural heritage, NationalGeopark and national AAAA scenic spot.

Langshan is located in Xinning County, Shaoyang City, southwest of HunanProvince. It is connected with Guilin in the South and Changsha in the north. Itis 140 kilometers away from Guilin and Shaoyang. It is another bright pearlafter Zhangjiajie. It is said that Emperor Shun visited Xinning during hissouthern tour. Seeing the beautiful mountains and waters, he stopped and praised"this mountain is good, it can be called Langshan." Langshan got its name fromthis.

Langshan was an inland lake tens of millions of years ago. Due to thechange of the earths crust, the bottom of the Inland Lake protruded, formingthe present Danxia landform with red sandstone structure. As we all know,Zhangjiajie is a quartz sandstone landform, Guilin is a karst landform, andLangshan is a typical Danxia landform. Its shape and scale have reached thelimit among the similar landforms in China. The height of bajiaozhai (293meters), the length of the first lane in the world (239 meters), the danger ofthe first bridge in Asia (64 meters), the danger of candle peak (674 meters),the Jue of Honghua red cliff, and the precipitousness of Jiangjun stone areamazing .

Langshan Scenic Spot covers an area of 108 square kilometers, with fivescenic spots, including niubizhai, Luotuofeng, bajiaozhai, zixiadong andfuyijiang, 477 scenic spots, three karst caves and a primeval forest.

Niubizhai

Dear friends, now I come to niubizhai scenic spot. Why is it calledniubizhai? Originally, on the right side of the big stone in the East, we cansee many pairs of "niubikou", which is called Niubishan by local people. Later,Lei zaihao and Li Yuanfa, the leaders of the peasants, gathered people to revolthere. Shidakai, the wing of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, stationed troops hereto build a stronghold, which was renamed Niubi stronghold.

As you ascend the stairs, you can see a natural landscape painting. Infront of it is a yaozhai style building "Yingbin Pavilion", which is a pass ofmountains. Behind it is a waterfall flying down from the mountain stream. In theshade of green, red and white Hibiscus set off the beautiful mountains andwaters. When you come to Yinzhu cave, you can see a string of water dropshanging directly, shining in the setting sun.

Through the Yinzhu cave, you come to the precipice of the steep rock.Facing the red cliff, you can see that there is no way to the four cliffs. Youcan only see a white ladder standing up on the cliff to reach "the first lane inthe world".

Professor Chen Guoda, a famous geologist and academician of the ChineseAcademy of Sciences, and the father of Danxia Landform in China, wrote thesewords in his own handwriting when he came to Langshan in 1992. Comparing theDanxia Mountain named in 1939 in Renhua, Guangdong Province, Mr. Chen expressedthe following exclamation: "Ive known the beauty of Danxia for half my life. Iknow that Langshan is better than Danxia. Why is the resort so late? I alsopraise the double wonderful flowers of the north and the south."

"The first lane in the world" is 238.8 meters long, with a relative heightof 100-120 meters. The widest part is 0.8 meters, and the narrowest part is 0.3meters. The two sides are like knives and axes. In the middle of the side, thereis a sigh that "the sky is shining, life is like a seam". There is no end to thefront, but a line of blue sky on the top of the head, confrontation betweencliffs and uncanny craftsmanship. When you walk out of the alley, you will besuddenly enlightened. A clear spring will come out on the road. It is cool andrefreshing. The shock, wonder, danger and tiredness just now have been sweptaway. You can only recall and experience the worldly artistic conception of"bright moon shining among pines, clear spring stone flowing upward".

When you come to houzhaimen, you climb along the rock wall on the rightside and climb up Yuxian lane. The lane is 178 meters long and the stone wall is60 meters high. The lane is covered with green bamboos, flowers and trees. Itsvery interesting for people to walk in it. Further on, you will find a saddleshaped stone ladder, the moon ladder. The narrowest part is only 26 cm. When youcome to the bottom of the valley, you can see that there is a Yin Yang and eighttrigrams array in the pass. The paths are crisscross. If there is no guidance,it is difficult to get out of this array. The front is like the lower part ofthe ape mans head mountain. You can clearly see a seven story building, namedseven story building, which is a masterpiece of nature.

After walking the long steps, you enter taoyuanchong. Taoyuanchong isindeed a paradise, with bamboo groves and emerald green everywhere. After athrilling journey, I happened to take a rest here to experience a day in themountains and a thousand years of free time in the world.

Bajiaozhai

Bajiaozhai scenic spot is located at the southernmost end of LangshanMountain on the border of Hunan and Guangxi, with an altitude of 818 meters. Itis composed of bajiaozhai, baimianzhai and Tianshengqiao. It is named after theeight peaks on the top of the mountain, which are connected with each other ashorns, like an octagonal lotus.

"Tianshengqiao", known as "the first bridge in Asia", is a unique naturallandscape in Danxia landform. The bridge is 64M long, 14m wide, 20m high and 5mthick. The whole bridge is semi-circular arch, like artificial masonry,magnificent, amazing. There is a sarcophagus under the bridge, the bottom coveris separated, lifelike, especially like a thousand year old antique. A smallstream flows around the bridge. The water is clear and blue, so it has thereputation of "green stream".

"Baimianzhai" is named for its silver gray rocks, white flowers and whitewaves. The mountain of the village is strong and dangerous. The stone gate ofthe village stands close to the gate. Only one person can get in and out of thevillage. Its really "one man is in charge of the gate, and ten thousand peoplecant open it.". Huge stones stand up in the village, and there are thousands ofscenes. This is not only the ancient castle of Yang Zaixing, Shi Dakai, Leizaihao, Li Shide and other famous generals and uprising leaders, but also thesite of the Neolithic period.

To climb the Bajiao village, you have to walk 1708 steps and three gates,namely xiangmen, Longmen and Zhaimen. The first one that leaped into the eye wasan elephant. It lowered its long nose to the ground and waited for friends fromafar. This was the first gate "elephant gate". Walking through the elephantgate, you can hear the sound of gurgling water. The clear stream moistens aspecial kind of plant. It appears yellow, blue, green, purple and other colorsin the sun. The common people call it "chameleon". Its scientific name is pileuslabiatus. It can only grow on the surface with high tungsten content.

Continue to walk up, come to an alley, this is the second door "Longmen",because there is a block in front of the head of the abrupt boulder named. Itssaid that if you want to burn incense there, you can do whatever you want.

After 1708 steps, I come to a platform. Standing here, I stride across twoprovinces, Guangxi on the left and Hunan on the right. The ancient city wallgate made of bluestone in front is the third gate "Zhaimen". Relying on thedangerous terrain, Bailian sect defeated the Qing army several times.

Bajiaozhai, known as the "soul of Danxia", was born in the sky and took thelead. A broad platform was formed on the top of the mountain, so it was calledYuntai mountain.

Bajiaozhai looks at the mountains and cliffs. Recently, a school of cliffs,red cliff Daiding, fighting waves, like a whale in the sea, like a beautiful inklandscape painting, lively, memorable.

Luotuofeng

Luotuofeng scenic spot is located in Shitian village of Langshan Mountain,14km away from the county seat. It is a typical pictographic scenic spot inDanxia landform. There are five small scenic spots: Feilian cave, yixiantian,chili peak, camel peak and Lianshan. There are more than 20 scenic spots,including Yuxian bridge, Shiba Luohan, Yanzi village, Douli village, yixiantian,lovers Valley, ghost Valley, chili peak, Longkou Chaoyang, Jiujiu TIANTI,lingjianpai and candle peak.

Facing us is a simple and elegant archway "Langshan natural park". Enterthe scenic area, along the way there is a small bridge water, the front right isYuxian bridge. The bridge was built in the reign of Emperor Qianlong of QingDynasty, with single stone arch, 6.8 meters long, 5.1 meters wide and 9 metershigh. It is made of hemp and stone. The bridge is exquisite, with green vinesattached. The location of the TV film "wind full of Xiaoxiang" was shothere.

The eighteen stone peaks on the right side of the line are listed as the"guard of honor" with the word "Eighteen Arhats". Welcome to our party.

Looking at the "couples stone" from afar, the husband and wife preparingfor the expedition are reluctant to part.

People are swimming in the middle of the picture, one scene after another,turning a corner, facing a swallow who is lying in the nest after foraging. Itis called "swallow village". It is 539 meters high and consists of three peaks.It looks like the head of a swallow in the middle, slightly lower on both sides,and has a platform on the top. It was once a fortress defended by the peasantuprising army.

Turn the corner again, the front is clear. A piece of farmland, severalfarmhouses, tall and straight candle peak, lifelike camel peak, is the center ofthe scenic spot, here is called Shitian village. The camels peak, 187.8 metershigh and 273 meters long, stands high above the peaks and sets off the greenmountains. It is like the longest, largest and heaviest camel in the world whocame here from a desert hike. There is an obvious cross on its back, and a boxbeside it forms the word "Tian", so it is called Shitian.

At the fork in front, to the left is the "yixiantian" of linjiazhai, whichis 525 meters high. At the foot of the village, the Northeast yixiantian isformed by cracks in the stone mountain, 60 meters long, 40 meters high, and 0.5meters at the narrowest point. It is necessary to use both hands and feet toclimb to the top along the artificial stone steps. Linjiazhai cliff is the bestplace for rock climbing training and competition, so the "national rock climbingtraining base" is located here. There are lovers Valley, thousand Buddhasrock, Toads rock, ghosts Valley, sacrifice cliff and so on.

Known as the "pillar of the southern sky", the "candle peak" is 674 metershigh, with a sharp top, four steep sides and a circumference of 400 meters. Itis named for its bright red body and its shape like a candle. There is a hugegap under the steep cliff of candle peak, which is 100 meters long, 50 metersdeep and 0.4-1.8 meters wide. The upper and lower rocks are as flat as knives.It is like a giant dragon. It opens to the East and West and tilts to 40degrees. At noon, the sun shines directly from Longkou to the bottom of theseam, forming a magnificent scene of Longkou swallowing beads and colorful,which is called "Longkou Chaoyang".

Walking out of Longkou, you can see the wordless stele from top to bottom.Many people failed to climb the steep cliff. Only a brave old man who collectedherbs once climbed the peak with his courage and wisdom, but he could notengrave a word on the tablet.

The capsicum peak is 180 meters high, about 100 meters long last week andonly 40 meters long next week. The red and dazzling capsicum is a symbol ofHunan peoples enthusiasm. In September 20__, the French "Spider Man" AlainRoberts unarmed rock climbing challenge to the Guinness world record was heldhere by Hunan tourism and cultural industry company.

Along the stone path, you can get to a platform. The 99 steps in the middleof the cliff on both sides are the only way to the top. This is the stone stepthat Yang faquin, the leader of the "Red Flower Club" in the early Qing Dynasty,chiseled with excellent martial arts when he was wanted by the Qing governmentfor fighting against the Qing Dynasty and restoring the Ming Dynasty. It is verydangerous.

Zixiadong

Dear friends, the zixiadong scenic spot with green hills, clear river waterand low green willows is presented to you. It includes wanjingcao, Yuquanmountain, elephant trunk stone, Wuyun village, Liu Huaxuan tomb and other scenicspots, with Qingyou as its main feature. Yuquan mountain on the left, coveringan area of 0.5 square kilometers, is 301 meters high, with seven scenic spots.There is an ancient temple on the mountain, named Yuquan temple. It was built in1703, the 42nd year of Kangxi reign. Today, there are tombstones, inscriptionsand the tomb of the ancestors of Yuquan temple. After several repairs, theincense is very popular, and there is an endless stream of people who want tosign incense.

The oncoming stone mountain looks like a high thumb. The local people callit "thumb stone". It stands here rain or shine, waiting for friends fromafar!

Zixia cave is not a cave. It means "village" and "village". It is said thatthere is an eminent monk who travels here. He gets up every morning, lights acandle, spreads his cassock on the Hongwa mountain in front of the rosy clouds,and then meditates. The cassock is illuminated by the sun, and is surrounded byincense, so it is called "Zixia cave".

When we come here, we can feel the artistic conception of "thin shadow,horizontal slanting, clear water, dark fragrance, floating moon and dusk". It isalso the holy land of Buddhism and Taoism. Huiyuan, the great master ofBuddhism, and Lu Xiujing, the great master of Taoism, carried forward thedoctrine first and later. Therefore, the whole mountain is bounded by Youlu, theBuddhist holy land on the right, the Taoist blessed land on the left, and thenatural stone statues of Zixia Taoist. It is said that when he finished hiscultivation, his original body turned into a stone statue.

Talking and laughing, frogs also come to join the fun, to see a stone infront of the sky, like a giant frog squatting there, this is the frog stone.

Walk up the stone steps and enter the Zixia palace. Zixia palace has a longhistory. Since it was built in the Jiajing period of the Ming Dynasty, it hasbecome a well-known place of heaven and fortune. In the palace there is a tallAvalokitesvara Bodhisattva, up to 6 meters high, holding a tilted jade bottle,meaning to sprinkle the dew on the earth.

At the end of the Qing Dynasty, there were many talented people in Xinning,such as Jiang Zhongyuan and Liu Kunyi. After their death, they were buried intheir hometown, especially Langshan. Liu Kun knew the treasure land with a keeneye. He selected the hillside on the left side of the lotus pool in Zixia caveto build a tomb. The stone carvings around the tomb were exquisite andexquisite, and the stone figures, stone sheep and stone horses werelifelike.

On the left side is a 700 meter long and 100 meter high red copper wall andiron wall called Hongwa mountain. It is said that it is the place where theZixia Taoist put the cassock, which is a wonderful echo wall.

Fuyi River

Now that you have seen the great shore of Langshan, please feel thetenderness of Fuyi river. The beautiful Fuyi river is clear,

Strange peaks and rocks on both sides of the Strait, like a ribbon, runthrough the panorama.

Fuyi River and Lijiang River are the same source of Maoer Mountain inZiyuan County, Guangxi. They flow 229 kilometers from JINZI mountain to thenorth and south. Xinning County is called Fuyi river because it was called "FuyiMarquis state" in ancient times.

Fuyi River drifts for 22 kilometers, with a drop of 16 meters. The currentis gentle, passing through 12 beaches and 12 sceneries. Looking from afar, theriver flows and rocks turn, just like the artistic scroll of Langshans wonders.This section of water was dyed green by the green mountains and gently embracedby the strange stones.

When the boat sails in the river, it can be seen that the water color andthe sky shine on each other, the blue sky and white clouds, the birds gathereverywhere, the willows on both sides are dripping green, and the strange stoneschase the boat. The poet Ai Qing saw this picture of Fuyi River, and wrote acouplet to the people of Langshan, "the shadow of the trees across the river,the fish leaping over the branches, the birds sleeping in the water". If you areinterested, please write the couplet for AI Lao.

Before I knew it, I came to jiangjunshi, one of Langshans six scenicspots. "The lotus on the earth is covered with emerald scars, and the craggy onethousand feet point to the gate of heaven. The water level of the Fuyi river isas flat as a palm, and the red cloud holds the pilgrimage bottle of the sun. "This poem vividly shows its charming style. Jiangjun Shiyuan is a mountain. TheDanxia landform developed to the late stage. The stone pillars are 400 metershigh and 40 meters long. The top is slightly small, and the top and bottom areequal thick. The magnificent appearance of its independent sky can still be seen5 kilometers away.

海瑞墓园始建于明万历十七年(1589年)，是皇帝派许子伟专程到海南监督修建的。其坐落在海南省海口市西郊滨涯村的海瑞墓，为一长方形陵园。四周为石砌围墙，园内草木四季常青，环境整洁、宁静、肃穆。1996年11月国务院公布海瑞墓为第四批全国重点文物保护单位，海南省爱国主义教育基地。

明万历十五年 (1587)，海瑞卒于南京都察院右都御史任上，消息传到北京，万历皇帝下诏南京、北京二都举行公祭，丧出江上，奠祭哭拜的人，百里不绝。朝廷专门派行人司行人，海瑞的同乡、学生许子伟护送其灵柩回琼州安葬。

万历十七年 (1589)二月廿二日，海瑞的灵柩终于运回海南，安葬在海口市滨涯村。

海瑞墓，位于海口市丘海大道39号，占地面积10000㎡，1996年11月国务院公布为第四批全国重点文物保护单位，海南省爱国主义教育基地。

海瑞墓历代有重修。解放后，在1959年重修一次，1962年广东省人民委员会公布为广东省重点文物保护单位。1966年11月，“四人帮”之一的姚文元的《评新编历史剧海瑞罢官》，成为“文化大革命”的导火索，海瑞墓遭到破坏。

历史是不容篡改的，1983年海口市委、市人民政府筹集资金再次重修被毁的海瑞墓主墓，并增建了海瑞陈列室。1996年4月，海口市委、市人民政府在社会各界的强烈要求下，扩建了海瑞墓，增辟了海瑞纪念园。

现海瑞墓规模宏大，布局严谨、风格独特，是人们瞻仰古贤，欣赏文物的游览胜地。

海瑞是海南岛琼山县人，生于明正德九年(公元1520xx年)。他40岁 中举，最初在福建做官，后升任浙江省淳安县知县、嘉州通判等职，15 64年，海瑞升任户部云南司主事，入朝为官，在任期间，大胆革除弊端， 惩办权奸，为民请命，平反冤狱，深得民心，但也得罪了不少权贵。当 时明世宗酒色朝政，只想寻找长生不老药，而朝廷上下无人敢谏。海瑞 视死如归，自备棺木，上奏一本《治安疏》，结果锒铛入狱，世宗死后， 海瑞获释，官复原职。 1569年出任右佥都御史，钦差总督粮道巡抚应天十府。他秉公执法，打击贪官污吏，使骄奢淫逸之风大为收敛。但不 久受到奸佞排挤，被罢官还乡为民，在琼山老家闲居20xx年。 72岁时， 海瑞被明神宗起用，到南京为官。 1587年，海瑞在南京去世。

海瑞一生居官清廉，刚直不阿，清廉正直，深得民众的尊敬与爱戴。同样也在官场上得罪了很多人。在南京当吏部尚书时就被民众称赞甚至拿他的画像当门神。据说听到他去世的噩耗时，当地的百姓如失亲人，悲痛万分。当他的灵柩从南京水路运回故乡时，长江两岸站满了送行的人群。很多百姓甚至制作他的遗像，供在家里。关于他的传说故事，民间更广为流传。后经文人墨客加工整理，编成了著名的长篇公案小说《海公大红袍》和《海公小红袍》，或编成戏剧《海瑞》、《海瑞罢官》、《海瑞上疏》等。海瑞和宋朝的包拯一样，是中国历史上清官的典范、正义的象征。 明代著名的思想家李贽对海瑞的评价: “先生如万年青草，可以傲霜雪而不可充栋梁”，入骨三分。

海瑞一生刚直不阿，是杰出的政治家、历史上有名的清官。死后财物只有俸银8 两、旧袍数件，但却留下了“南包公”、“海青天”的美名。他的灵柩还乡启程那天，南京市民罢市数天来悼念他。

雷峰塔的知名度之高，与中国民间广泛流传的神话传说《白蛇传》密切相关。中国有四大悲剧爱情故事，分别是白蛇传、梁祝、孟姜女、牛郎织女。其中两个故事发生在杭州，为杭州西湖美丽的湖光山色平添了不少的人文色彩。故事中白蛇的化身白素贞因追求人间真情而被法海和尚囚禁于雷峰塔下，雷峰塔因而声明远播。法海扬言，除非雷峰塔倒掉，西湖的水抽干，白素贞才有可能逃出来。白素贞也真是一个至真至性的一个女子，令人佩服。修炼了这么多年了，都快要成仙了。据说白素贞只要收集齐“生老病死悲欢离合”八粒眼泪，即可成仙。我时常在想，她已经快收集齐了，为什么不成仙偏偏爱上许仙呢?成了仙多好啊，想干嘛干嘛。不要成仙爱许仙?我想如果我能收集齐这八粒眼泪也可以成仙的话我想我一定不会爱上许仙。但是这可能吗?答案是否定的。是凡人就不可能真的看透生老病死非欢离合这八滴眼泪。如果真的能看透，置生老病死而不顾，遇到快乐之事并不快乐，遇到悲伤并不流泪，那做人还有什么意义呢?你都超脱了，什么都不在乎了，那谈什么悲伤快乐。真的有一天，你说一个人什么感情也没有了，死也不在乎了，有没有感情也不在乎了，没有快乐也不在乎了，那这个人和死了有什么区别?所以老人家讲的：难得糊涂，这话讲的好。既然你不可能看透不如及时行乐，乐得糊涂。有的人天天在烦恼这个烦恼那个，烦钱赚的太少，烦工作太忙。可你想过没有，钱赚的要怎么样才算多?有如郭台铭这么多?还是蔡万霖?是盖茨这么多还是李嘉诚这么多?工作太忙没时间出来消费没时间陪家里人，你不觉得这只是自己假设的一个借口吗?出来玩的人哪个不比你忙?忙不忙，想不想忙，这在于你自己，人生的道路自己走，快乐自己寻，花钱买开心，这都在于你自己。要不要开心要不要拥抱大自然，一切尽在自己掌握哦!

诸位游客，大家好：

我国历史文化名城平遥就要到了，右前方那高耸的砖墙就是我国现存较为完整的四座古城池之一平遏城。1997年12月3日，联合国教科文组织世界遗产委员会通过决议，将我国云南省丽江古城、山西省平遥古城和江苏省苏州古典园林列入《世界遗产名录》。现在大家可以观赏一下古城的远景和比较完整的外观。

平遥古城，历史悠久。据载：西周时期周宣工为抵御北方游牧民族的侵扰，曾派兵北伐萨犹，并修建了京陵城。京陵城就建在今平远县城东北约7公里的京陵衬，京陵二字作为地名一直沿用至今。这可以说是平遥建城的开端，也是现在乎迢城的前身。从那时起，至今已有2800年左右历史了。

现在这座平遥城始建于何时，历史上没有明确记载。大约在北魏太武帝拓跋陶时，为避名讳，将原来的平陶县改为平遥县。并把县治从别处迁到这里。建城时间应该是这以后的事。在漫长的历史岁月中。这里曾有过她的繁华，也曾多次遭受战火的破坏。我们现在看到的这座城墙，是明代洪武三年，即1370年把原来的土城墙加高加厚加砖扩建而成的，明清以来虽曾数次维修，但风格未变。

平遥城内古建筑保存很多，像文庙大成殿、清虚观、市楼、城隆庙、武庙戏台等。就是街道民居。也基本保存明清时代风貌。漫步街头，还会看到各种古色古香的院门、院埔、精雕细刻的古建筑装饰，甚至还能看到门前的接马石桩、下马石等，一派古城风貌。

平遥不仅历史悠久。而且名人辈出。是敢于不顾“满门抄斩”的恐吓、秉笔直书的若名晋代史学家孙盛、以“映雪读书”流传千古的孙康等古代名人，当代已故中科院历史研究所所长侯外庐、已故语言研究所副所长侯秸一、已歇中国文学研究会会长王瑶、著名画家李苟、著名歌唱家郭兰英等都出生在这片古老的土地上。平适古城不愧为历史文化名城。

(过惠济桥)

我们现在正行驶在惠济桥上，惠济桥是一座九拱石桥，修建于清代康熙年间，同治年间重建。清代名宿傅山先生曾亲笔为它写道碑记。这座桥规模不等大。历史也不算很长，但造型优美。桥面平坦，没有像一般石桥那样高高隆起，便于车马行走。而且更有一个奇处，就是这座桥下还有一座桥。下面的桥不见文字记载，人们原来也不知道。1977年8月，一场暴雨造成特大洪灾，滚滚洪水带走了不少淤积多年的`河沙。水退后，人们惊奇地发现：原来惠济桥叠架在旧桥的桥面上，形成桥上桥的奇观。利用旧桥做新桥的牢固基础，既节省财力、人力，又省时间，多聪明的构思叼!这在造桥史上也是一个奇迹。

平遥古城到了。请大家随我上城墙参观

这里就是乎遥古城的“下东门”。大家看这高达12米的城墙多雄伟、多壮观。在城外，本来还有护城河。城门处架有吊桥。在古代战乱的日子里。这的确是一道难以逾越的防线。

我们进来后这个地方是下东门瓮城，它是为保卫城门而设立的。城门是城墙上的薄弱环节，有了瓮城。就大大增强了城池的防卫手段。这里地方根小，四周为高墙围护，即便敌人攻入瓮城也只能进来少数人，而且立即陷入包围之中，成为瓮中之鳖。有的瓮城门并不是开在城门对面，而是拐个弯开在旁边。更可防止冲入的敌兵一较作气冲到城门下。通过拐弯来消解敌兵锐气。这些设计思想都是古人在长期实战经验中总结出来的。

大家看。瓮城里还有一个建造讲究而小巧的院落。这是干什么的呢?原来这是一座小关帝庙。关帝是武圣人。把关庙修进瓮城里，却是平遥人的独特创造。请大家随我进城，上城墙参观。

现在我们已经在城上了，这里本来还有城楼。在战争中毁掉了。这座建在城墙上的台，传说就是尹吉甫的点将台。尹吉甫是周宣王的大将，在历史上游藩有名，《律经冲的《较高》、《冠R2等几首诗就是他作的、前面提到的那有名的对北方游牧民族0l犹的北伐，就是由他指挥的。为了巩固北伐的成果，他还在这里修建了京陵城。尹吉甫遗迹这里还有多处。在京陵村附近还有一处村茁叫尹村，传说是尹吉甫当年驻兵酌地方。在上东门外有尹吉甫募，募前一通明代石碑上大书“周卿士ZJ吉甫神道”八字。上东门里还有一座纪念尹吉甫的小庙。

请大家随我观赏一下古城的建构。

(带游客向南浸步。边走边说，约走2—3个墩台即可停下)

我们看城墙上两边各有一道短堵，叫女儿墙，为什么叫女儿墙呢?宋代官府编写的《营造法式》上有个书面解释：“言其卑小。比之于城，若女子与丈夫也。”意思是说城墙高大厚实，保伟丈夫;女墙单薄短小，像弱女子。民间有的地方却流传着这样的故事：早先城上并没有女儿墙，有一次一个老人被拉来做工，和他相依为命的小孙女也天天随他来到城上。坐在旁边观看。一天，一位累极了的民工昏昏沉沉中竞走到城墙边上，小女孩伯他掉下城去，用力向里推他，不料用力过大，民工虽得救了，小女孩却摔死了。为了纪念她，工匠们在城上修起了矮墙，并把它叫做女儿墙。这实在是个感人的故事，但确实说明了女儿墙的保护性功能。我们看：两边的女儿场并不一样，向外的女儿墙上还修筑了垛口，垛口还留着供臆望和射击使用的小孔。这当然是为了实战的需要。

大家都注意到了，城墙每闲一段，就有一个向外突出的部分，这叫做墩台。墩台是干什么的呢7它是保卫城墙的。我们知道。古代攻守城他的主要武器是弓箭和弯机，上面既可射下去，下面也可射上来，因此守城的士兵轻易不敢探出身去。这样，城墙脚下反丽成丁防御的死角。有了墩台。就可以弥补这个不足、从三面组成一个强大的立体射击网，城防力量大大加强。在每个塌台上，还修有一座敌楼，上面有孔，也是为观察和射击用的。

干遥古城除了具备这些共性持点外，还有自己独特的地方。

城墙本是战争的产物，平逗人却偏偏喜欢给抹上一层浓浓的文化色彩。把象征文化星官的魁星楼修在丁城墙东南角上(指形状独特的魁星楼)。据统计，古城上共有3000个垛口、72废敌楼，那是象征着文圣人孔夫子的三千弟子七十二贤人。

各位女士，各位先生，大家好，欢迎大家来到运河之都，礼仪之邦的济宁。今天我带领大家游览济宁最美丽的公园杨家河公园。我是本团的小导游，我叫黄子力，你们叫我黄导或小黄就好了。希望在杨家河能给大家留下深刻印象，同时也希望大家在浏览过程中玩得开心。

杨家河公园位于济宁城区东北部，新三二七国道南，洸府河以东，杨柳国际新城北部。

杨家河公园分为主题花卉园和盆景盆栽园。主题花卉园包括：樱花芬芳园、郁金香风情园、百花争艳园、月季玫瑰园、桃花园，缤纷大道区等。

让我们进去参观一下吧!这里是花的世界，花的海洋，这里有许多大家从来没听说过的花，你看，在我右手边的是美女樱，花儿争斗艳，像一名名美女在哪里翩翩起舞，再看我左手边的黄金雀，像一群麻雀，叽叽喳喳的叫着，好像在说：“欢迎你们。”往前走一片茂密的林子，给人一种清凉的感觉。

还有许多花在等着大家，欢迎大家慢慢欣赏吧，在欣赏过程中，希望大家注意以下几点。

一、 要爱护花草树木

二、 照顾好自己的小孩，不要在河边戏水

三、 不乱扔果皮纸屑

谢谢合作。

景点12，玉龙瀑布和玉龙潭：玉龙潭是玉龙瀑布数万年来冲涮掏蚀而成，此潭过去深不见底，是八仙山景区最深的潭，常年有水，是这一带百姓的生命之源。

玉龙瀑布：玉龙瀑布是神水峡景区的一个诱人的景观，每年夏秋季节大雨过后，瀑布形成恰似一条腾云驾雾的玉龙，汹涌澎湃，一泻如注，跌至龙潭，溅起团团水雾，隆隆水声振山撼谷，十分壮观美丽。

景点13，珍珠滩：看过玉龙瀑布，跨过铁索桥，大家来到了八仙山的又一奇观——珍珠滩。经科学测量，珍珠滩是由18亿年前的石英质砾石经高温、高压胶结而成。珍珠滩原来埋藏在地下9200米处，两亿年前的地壳运动将地下9200米推至地表展现在我们面前，这是大自然留给我们的珍贵地质遗产，具有重要的科学价值和观赏价值，是我们人民宝贵的自然财富。我们要更加珍爱它，精心保护它。值得一提的是，每当雨季，从山上下来的清流冲击珍珠滩时，溅起洁白的水珠与下面的砾石，相互呼应，让人眼花撩(字库中无此目字旁的撩字)乱，不知是水珍珠在动还是石珍珠在动。雨后当阳光照射在珍珠滩时，亿万颗水珠和雾滴折射出太阳的七色光，形成彩虹，美丽动人，可与四川的九寨沟相比美。

景点14，翡翠崖：现在我们看到的是翡翠崖，因其处在山阴，加之崖上林木茂密，遮天蔽日，每到雨季这里湿度大，水分足，适合蕨类植物卷柏和地衣、苔藓、中华卷柏等喜阴湿的植物，绿的像翡翠一般，被称之为“翡翠崖”。这里的自然美景，在我国北方实属罕见。

景点15，丁香树王：大家谁认识这是一棵什么树?结专家鉴定，这是我们天津市的一棵非常珍贵的“丁香王树”，它不同于我们在城里的丁香花，城里花园里的丁香是小灌木，四月就开花，这棵丁香树是暴马丁香，是高大乔木，七月里开花，满树白花像一团团的棉絮，花香袭人，招蜂引蝶，是密原植物，观赏植物。

景点16，梦笔生花：眼前这块无缝整体巨石之上活生生地长着一棵树。多少年前，一粒种子在命运的驱使下落在了这块巨石之上。它顽强地在岩石细缝中生根，发芽，虽不算雄伟，但也算是枝叶繁盛，并且己如其它树木一样开花结果。真可谓梦笔生花。

景点17，挡马墙：这里就是万里长城防御体系中的一部份，也是第一道防线，用以挡住敌方马匹进入，减缓敌人向前推进的速度，以赢得宝贵的备战时间。这道挡马墙记录着我们国家的历史演进，也是八仙山景区的重要的人文景观。

2021南京夫子庙导游词

清末废除科举后，改为小学，民国初年改为江宁县教育会，抗战时被用作开茶馆、歌场，战后曾先后作为民众教育馆和南京市通志馆。这也是旧学宫保留下来的为数不多的建筑之一。下面就是小编分享的关于20xx南京夫子庙导游词 ，一起来看一下吧。

20xx南京夫子庙导游词

各位游客。在昨天的游程中，我为大家安排游览了中山陵、明孝陵、灵谷寺，总统府旧址等名胜古迹。今天，我将带大家到秦淮河、夫子庙去游览。秦淮河旅游区，位于南京老城区城南，从市区出发，坐汽车约需20分钟才能到达。它是一个以夫子庙为中心，集游览、购物、品尝风味于一体，展示古城风貌和民族风情的旅游地。

各位游客。在昨天的游程中，我为大家安排游览了中山陵、明孝陵、灵谷寺，总统府旧址等名胜古迹。今天，我将带大家到秦淮河、夫子庙去游览。秦淮河旅游区，位于南京老城区城南，从市区出发，坐汽车约需20分钟才能到达。它是一个以夫子庙为中心，集游览、购物、品尝风味于一体，展示古城风貌和民族风情的旅游地。

【秦淮河的由来和历史变迁】

秦淮河，是一条曾对古城南京的政治、经济、文化发展起过重要作用的河流。相传秦淮河是秦始皇下令开凿的一条人工运河。秦始皇东巡会稽，经过南京时，为方便船只行驶，曾下令开凿方山，使淮水与长江沟通，因而这段河道得名"秦淮河"。但据地质考察证明，秦淮河是一条历史悠久的天然河流，当时这条古老的河流确是曾从方山经过，但由于地理变迁，河流改道，逐渐形成了现在的河道。历史上的秦淮河，河道宽绰。自五代吴王杨行密在长干桥一带筑石头城以后，河道开始变窄，并被分隔成内、外"秦淮"。内秦淮河由东水关人城，经夫子庙，再由水西门南的西水关出城与外秦淮河汇合。河流全长10公里，这就是古往今来令无数文人墨客为之赞美倾倒、寻迹访踪的"十里秦淮"了。唐朝大诗人李白、刘禹锡、杜牧等都曾为她写下诗篇，孔尚任的《桃花扇》和吴敬样的《儒林外史》中，也都对"十里秦淮"有过生动的描写。古老的秦淮河与流经南京城北的长江相比，显得十分渺小，但是它与南京城的诞生、发展，以及南京地区的政治、经济、文化发展有着极其密切的关系。早在五六千年前的新石器时代，这里已有人类繁衍生息。迄今为止，沿河两岸发现的原始村落遗迹多达五六十处。六朝和明初封建朝廷一直把它作为都城的一道天然屏障和皇宫所需的天然通道。东吴孙权定都建业（南京）后，曾在秦淮河两岸作"栅塘"，既可御敌，又可防洪。从六朝时起，夫子庙一带的秦淮河两岸已是居民密集、市井相连的繁华之地，秦淮河充当了南京地区对外贸易的主要航道，河中舟船穿梭，一派繁荣。据说，旧时的秦淮河两岸歌楼酒肆林立，河房水阁争奇斗艳，游艇画防灯火通明，富豪贵族在这里过着寻欢作乐、纸醉金迷的生活，劳动人民，特别是广大妇女却是以泪洗面，饱尝了人间的辛酸。那时南京的妓·女大多集中在秦淮河两岸。清代戏剧家孔尚任在《桃花扇》中描写的不畏权贵的名妓李香君，她就居住在秦淮河南岸的文德桥畔。美丽的秦淮河曾流淌过蛮荒时代的寂寞，六朝以来的繁华和奢靡，旧社会的污垢和劳动人民的血泪，甚至还溶有南京大屠杀的血腥。然而，今天的秦淮河，经过了历史的沉淀和人民的改造，已散发着健康文明的馨香，展现了清澈动人的风姿。它是南京历史的见证，难怪人们惯于把"秦淮"当作南京的代名词。

【秦淮画舫-伴池-夫子庙照壁-庙前广场-棂星门】

各位游客：现在我们来到了秦淮河畔，河中的画防都是仿照明代建筑风格制造的，船头挂有大红彩球和红灯笼。每当元宵节南京人习惯来这里游玩赏灯。这种风气在明代就已盛行，据说明朝建都后，朱元津微服巡察京城。当他来到秦淮河畔，看到两岸绿树成荫，河水清澈，亭台楼阁，风景宜人，随口说了句："惜河中缺游船。"皇帝开了金口，左右就连夜差人赶造画舫，以博取皇帝欢心。从此，秦淮画访成了这里的一大特色。尤其到了中秋佳节时分，更是河上水灯万盏齐放，两岸龙灯飞舞，歌声、鼓声、欢声、笑声，连绵不绝，通宵达旦，真可谓"秦淮灯火甲天下"。难怪南京有"家家走桥，人人看灯"的民谚。我们眼前的这段秦淮河，自宋以后就成了夫子庙（孔庙）成泮池，又称月牙他。古时候皇帝讲学的学宫叫辟雍，诸侯讲学成学宫叫泮宫，夫子庙的学宫相当于诸侯讲学的地方，所以这池称"泮池"。泮池上一般建有三座石桥，按等级而论，县官、学官走中间一座，秀才走两边的桥。相传古时候有位秀才误上中桥，有犯上作乱之罪，进退两难，只好自己跳进了泮池。再请各位看河对岸的一段朱红色石砖墙，这就是夫子庙的照壁。照壁建于明万历三年（历泽年），长达110米，为全们照壁之冠。各位游客：这座夫子庙始建于东晋成帝咸康三年（337年），当时成帝采纳了王导的建议："治国以培育人才为重"，决定立大学于秦淮河畔。原来只建有学宫，孔庙是宋仁宗景拍元年（1034年）在学富基础上扩建而成的。所以夫子庙是一个由文教中心演变而成的繁华闹市，它包括夫子庙、学宫和贡院三大主要建筑群，其范围南临秦淮河北岸，北抵建康路东端，东起姚家巷，西止四福巷，规模庞大。夫子庙虽屡遭破坏，但各代都加以兴修扩建，到清末民初，其楼阁、殿宇的结构和布局堪称东南之冠。现在的夫子庙建筑，～部分是清代末年重建的，一部分是近几年重建的。请大家回头看，这座楼阁式建筑，叫做奎星阁，它初建于清乾隆年间。这座临街傍水的建筑曾两次被毁，1985年重建。现在我们来到了清代开辟的庙前广场，广场东西两端竖有两块碑，高有一丈许，上面刻有满汉两种文字"文武大臣至此下马"，表示对圣人孔子的崇敬。左侧的这座六角重檐亭子叫"聚星亭"，"聚星"取群星集中，人才荟萃之意。建于明万历十四年（1586年），也曾几经兴废，到清同治八年（1869年）才由江宁乡贤朱芙峰等人筹资重建。这是一座在日军炮火中惟一幸存的清代建筑，可惜在1968年被当作"四旧"拆除，1983年又得以重建，恢复了原来的风貌。广场正中的这座牌坊，叫"天下文枢坊"。请大家继续随我往前走。这座门叫棂星门，这是孔庙的庙门。据传榻星是天上主管教化的星宿，他得人方便高兴。门是石结构的，六柱三门，建于明成化十六年（1480年），后来被毁，又于清同治九年（1870年）重建。不过，现在所见到的极星门是1983年再次重建的。极星门东西两侧便是东市、西市。

【大成门-大成殿-学宫】

各位游客：走过棂星门，便是孔庙的正门，叫大成门，也叫戟门。门内侧有石碑四块。第一块是《孔子问礼图碑》，刻于南朝齐永明二年（484年）。记载了春秋末年奴隶制衰亡之际，孔子出于对周王朝礼乐制度的崇拜，抱着兴国安邦、济世访贤的愿望，于鲁昭公二十四年（公元前518年），从家乡曲阜去周王城洛阳考察典章制度，寻求巩固鲁国奴隶主政权办法的经历。碑的上半部有"孔子问礼图，吴敬恒题"的题字。图中是二人驾车，一组身穿古装人物在城门前欢迎的场面，还有"永明二年，孔子在鲁人周门礼周流"的字样。这块碑已有1500多年的历史了，图文仍清晰可辨，是难得的珍贵文物。第二块碑是《集庆孔庙碑》，碑文是元朝至大二年（1309年）重建孔庙时由卢挚撰写的，到元至顺元年（1330年），由纯斋王公书写刻石。第三块碑是《封四氏碑》，讲的是元至顺二年，文宗皇帝诏示：加封颜回、曾参（孔子的两个弟子）、孔极（孔子的孙子）、孟轲（孔子的再传弟子）为四亚圣之事。第四块碑是《封至圣夫人碑》，讲的是元至顺二年（1331年），文宗皇帝颁旨加封孔子之妻为至圣夫人之事。庙院两侧是碑廊（原来是供奉孔门七十二贤人牌位的地方），廊内陈列了当代书法名家的碑刻30块。现在，请大家随我从中间的石雨道走。在进大成殿前，我先给大家介绍一下殿前的这个露天台子，这是祭祀和歌舞的地方。古时每年二月、八月的第一个丁日和孔子诞辰这一天（农历八月二十七日），地方官吏都要在孔庙举行盛大的祭扫活动。祭祀采用的是酉周奴隶主祭天地鬼神的礼仪，在大成殿前摆上仿青铜器做的祭器，上供牛2头、猪16头、羊16头，以及大量布帛菽粟、干鲜果品、香纸蜡烛等。主祭人要穿特制的古装祭服，宣读祭文，向孔子及"四配"（孔子高徒）、"十二哲"（孔家子弟）牌位行三拜九叩礼，还配有乐队和舞队表演，以歌颂孔子，所以大成殿前要设舞台。现在请各位游客随我进人孔庙主殿--大成殿。这是一座气势巍峨，重檐庑殿顶，屋脊中央有双龙戏珠立雕的建筑。这种规格的建筑在全国也是屈指可数的。"大成"意思是孔子集古圣先贤思想之大成。大成殿内原先正中供奉的是孔子和他的四位高徒，两旁是孔家子弟塑像十二尊。现在的大成殿已被辟为"南京乡土文化博物馆"。请大家再往前走，这里便是夫子庙的学宫。门楣上方原来有"学宫"匾额，门外柏木牌坊，牌坊上题有"东南第一学"。牌坊的北面是四周围有木栏的花圃，左右有四书斋，是学子自修读书的地方。这四斋名称分别是"志道"、"据德"、"依仁"、"游艺"。后面是明德堂，这座建筑建于南宋绍兴九年（1139年），堂名为文天祥所书。明德堂是学子集会的地方，每月朔望（农历初一和十五）朝圣后，学子在此集会，训导师宣讲圣教和上谕。东墙有"卧碑"，就是训教的法规。左右横梁上悬挂着江宁府所属六县举贡员生题额。我们眼前的这座建筑是梨香阁，原来是祭祀孔子父母的崇圣祠，现改为游乐场了。东面那座建筑是青云楼，它建于明万历十四年（1586年），是供把历代督学使的祠堂，初建时为三层楼，因为临近贡院，为防止有人从楼上偷看贡院，清代时改建成二层楼，上层用作藏书，下层是阅览室。清末废除科举后，改为小学，民国初年改为江宁县教育会，抗战时被用作开茶馆、歌场，战后曾先后作为民众教育馆和南京市通志馆。这也是旧学宫保留下来的为数不多的建筑之一。各位游客：参观完学宫建筑后，我们再去参观一下夫子庙的另一座古建筑群--贡院。

秦淮河，是一条曾对古城南京的政治、经济、文化发展起过重要作用的河流。相传秦淮河是秦始皇下令开凿的一条人工运河。秦始皇东巡会稽，经过南京时，为方便船只行驶，曾下令开凿方山，使淮水与长江沟通，因而这段河道得名"秦淮河"。但据地质考察证明，秦淮河是一条历史悠久的天然河流，当时这条古老的河流确是曾从方山经过，但由于地理变迁，河流改道，逐渐形成了现在的河道。历史上的秦淮河，河道宽绰。自五代吴王杨行密在长干桥一带筑石头城以后，河道开始变窄，并被分隔成内、外"秦淮"。内秦淮河由东水关人城，经夫子庙，再由水西门南的西水关出城与外秦淮河汇合。河流全长10公里，这就是古往今来令无数文人墨客为之赞美倾倒、寻迹访踪的"十里秦淮"了。唐朝大诗人李白、刘禹锡、杜牧等都曾为她写下诗篇，孔尚任的《桃花扇》和吴敬样的《儒林外史》中，也都对"十里秦淮"有过生动的描写。古老的秦淮河与流经南京城北的长江相比，显得十分渺小，但是它与南京城的诞生、发展，以及南京地区的政治、经济、文化发展有着极其密切的关系。早在五六千年前的新石器时代，这里已有人类繁衍生息。迄今为止，沿河两岸发现的原始村落遗迹多达五六十处。六朝和明初封建朝廷一直把它作为都城的一道天然屏障和皇宫所需的天然通道。东吴孙权定都建业（南京）后，曾在秦淮河两岸作"栅塘"，既可御敌，又可防洪。从六朝时起，夫子庙一带的秦淮河两岸已是居民密集、市井相连的繁华之地，秦淮河充当了南京地区对外贸易的主要航道，河中舟船穿梭，一派繁荣。据说，旧时的秦淮河两岸歌楼酒肆林立，河房水阁争奇斗艳，游艇画防灯火通明，富豪贵族在这里过着寻欢作乐、纸醉金迷的生活，劳动人民，特别是广大妇女却是以泪洗面，饱尝了人间的辛酸。那时南京的妓·女大多集中在秦淮河两岸。清代戏剧家孔尚任在《桃花扇》中描写的不畏权贵的名妓李香君，她就居住在秦淮河南岸的文德桥畔。美丽的秦淮河曾流淌过蛮荒时代的寂寞，六朝以来的繁华和奢靡，旧社会的污垢和劳动人民的血泪，甚至还溶有南京大屠杀的血腥。然而，今天的秦淮河，经过了历史的沉淀和人民的改造，已散发着健康文明的馨香，展现了清澈动人的风姿。它是南京历史的见证，难怪人们惯于把"秦淮"当作南京的代名词。

【秦淮画舫-伴池-夫子庙照壁-庙前广场-棂星门】

各位游客：现在我们来到了秦淮河畔，河中的画防都是仿照明代建筑风格制造的，船头挂有大红彩球和红灯笼。每当元宵节南京人习惯来这里游玩赏灯。这种风气在明代就已盛行，据说明朝建都后，朱元津微服巡察京城。当他来到秦淮河畔，看到两岸绿树成荫，河水清澈，亭台楼阁，风景宜人，随口说了句："惜河中缺游船。"皇帝开了金口，左右就连夜差人赶造画舫，以博取皇帝欢心。从此，秦淮画访成了这里的一大特色。尤其到了中秋佳节时分，更是河上水灯万盏齐放，两岸龙灯飞舞，歌声、鼓声、欢声、笑声，连绵不绝，通宵达旦，真可谓"秦淮灯火甲天下"。难怪南京有"家家走桥，人人看灯"的民谚。我们眼前的这段秦淮河，自宋以后就成了夫子庙（孔庙）成泮池，又称月牙他。古时候皇帝讲学的学宫叫辟雍，诸侯讲学成学宫叫泮宫，夫子庙的学宫相当于诸侯讲学的地方，所以这池称"泮池"。泮池上一般建有三座石桥，按等级而论，县官、学官走中间一座，秀才走两边的桥。相传古时候有位秀才误上中桥，有犯上作乱之罪，进退两难，只好自己跳进了泮池。再请各位看河对岸的一段朱红色石砖墙，这就是夫子庙的照壁。照壁建于明万历三年（历泽年），长达110米，为全们照壁之冠。各位游客：这座夫子庙始建于东晋成帝咸康三年（337年），当时成帝采纳了王导的建议："治国以培育人才为重"，决定立大学于秦淮河畔。原来只建有学宫，孔庙是宋仁宗景拍元年（1034年）在学富基础上扩建而成的。所以夫子庙是一个由文教中心演变而成的繁华闹市，它包括夫子庙、学宫和贡院三大主要建筑群，其范围南临秦淮河北岸，北抵建康路东端，东起姚家巷，西止四福巷，规模庞大。夫子庙虽屡遭破坏，但各代都加以兴修扩建，到清末民初，其楼阁、殿宇的结构和布局堪称东南之冠。现在的夫子庙建筑，～部分是清代末年重建的，一部分是近几年重建的。请大家回头看，这座楼阁式建筑，叫做奎星阁，它初建于清乾隆年间。这座临街傍水的建筑曾两次被毁，1985年重建。现在我们来到了清代开辟的庙前广场，广场东西两端竖有两块碑，高有一丈许，上面刻有满汉两种文字"文武大臣至此下马"，表示对圣人孔子的崇敬。左侧的这座六角重檐亭子叫"聚星亭"，"聚星"取群星集中，人才荟萃之意。建于明万历十四年（1586年），也曾几经兴废，到清同治八年（1869年）才由江宁乡贤朱芙峰等人筹资重建。这是一座在日军炮火中惟一幸存的清代建筑，可惜在1968年被当作"四旧"拆除，1983年又得以重建，恢复了原来的风貌。广场正中的这座牌坊，叫"天下文枢坊"。请大家继续随我往前走。这座门叫棂星门，这是孔庙的庙门。据传榻星是天上主管教化的星宿，他得人方便高兴。门是石结构的，六柱三门，建于明成化十六年（1480年），后来被毁，又于清同治九年（1870年）重建。不过，现在所见到的极星门是1983年再次重建的。极星门东西两侧便是东市、西市。

【大成门-大成殿-学宫】

各位游客：走过棂星门，便是孔庙的正门，叫大成门，也叫戟门。门内侧有石碑四块。第一块是《孔子问礼图碑》，刻于南朝齐永明二年（484年）。记载了春秋末年奴隶制衰亡之际，孔子出于对周王朝礼乐制度的崇拜，抱着兴国安邦、济世访贤的愿望，于鲁昭公二十四年（公元前518年），从家乡曲阜去周王城洛阳考察典章制度，寻求巩固鲁国奴隶主政权办法的经历。碑的上半部有"孔子问礼图，吴敬恒题"的题字。图中是二人驾车，一组身穿古装人物在城门前欢迎的场面，还有"永明二年，孔子在鲁人周门礼周流"的字样。这块碑已有1500多年的历史了，图文仍清晰可辨，是难得的珍贵文物。第二块碑是《集庆孔庙碑》，碑文是元朝至大二年（1309年）重建孔庙时由卢挚撰写的，到元至顺元年（1330年），由纯斋王公书写刻石。第三块碑是《封四氏碑》，讲的是元至顺二年，文宗皇帝诏示：加封颜回、曾参（孔子的两个弟子）、孔极（孔子的孙子）、孟轲（孔子的再传弟子）为四亚圣之事。第四块碑是《封至圣夫人碑》，讲的是元至顺二年（1331年），文宗皇帝颁旨加封孔子之妻为至圣夫人之事。庙院两侧是碑廊（原来是供奉孔门七十二贤人牌位的地方），廊内陈列了当代书法名家的碑刻30块。现在，请大家随我从中间的石雨道走。在进大成殿前，我先给大家介绍一下殿前的这个露天台子，这是祭祀和歌舞的地方。古时每年二月、八月的第一个丁日和孔子诞辰这一天（农历八月二十七日），地方官吏都要在孔庙举行盛大的祭扫活动。祭祀采用的是酉周奴隶主祭天地鬼神的礼仪，在大成殿前摆上仿青铜器做的祭器，上供牛2头、猪16头、羊16头，以及大量布帛菽粟、干鲜果品、香纸蜡烛等。主祭人要穿特制的古装祭服，宣读祭文，向孔子及"四配"（孔子高徒）、"十二哲"（孔家子弟）牌位行三拜九叩礼，还配有乐队和舞队表演，以歌颂孔子，所以大成殿前要设舞台。现在请各位游客随我进人孔庙主殿--大成殿。这是一座气势巍峨，重檐庑殿顶，屋脊中央有双龙戏珠立雕的建筑。这种规格的建筑在全国也是屈指可数的。"大成"意思是孔子集古圣先贤思想之大成。大成殿内原先正中供奉的是孔子和他的四位高徒，两旁是孔家子弟塑像十二尊。现在的大成殿已被辟为"南京乡土文化博物馆"。请大家再往前走，这里便是夫子庙的学宫。门楣上方原来有"学宫"匾额，门外柏木牌坊，牌坊上题有"东南第一学"。牌坊的北面是四周围有木栏的花圃，左右有四书斋，是学子自修读书的地方。这四斋名称分别是"志道"、"据德"、"依仁"、"游艺"。后面是明德堂，这座建筑建于南宋绍兴九年（1139年），堂名为文天祥所书。明德堂是学子集会的地方，每月朔望（农历初一和十五）朝圣后，学子在此集会，训导师宣讲圣教和上谕。东墙有"卧碑"，就是训教的法规。左右横梁上悬挂着江宁府所属六县举贡员生题额。我们眼前的这座建筑是梨香阁，原来是祭祀孔子父母的崇圣祠，现改为游乐场了。东面那座建筑是青云楼，它建于明万历十四年（1586年），是供把历代督学使的祠堂，初建时为三层楼，因为临近贡院，为防止有人从楼上偷看贡院，清代时改建成二层楼，上层用作藏书，下层是阅览室。清末废除科举后，改为小学，民国初年改为江宁县教育会，抗战时被用作开茶馆、歌场，战后曾先后作为民众教育馆和南京市通志馆。这也是旧学宫保留下来的为数不多的建筑之一。各位游客：参观完学宫建筑后，我们再去参观一下夫子庙的另一座古建筑群--贡院。

海棠湾 位于海南省三亚市东北部海滨，距三亚市区28公里，南面与亚龙湾国家旅游度假区毗邻。与亚龙湾、大东海湾、三亚湾、崖州湾并列三亚五大名湾。海棠湾风光旖旎，沉寂异常。与亚龙湾、大东海相比，这里还没有染上城市的喧嚣与繁闹。

海棠湾位于南中国海之滨，是三亚东疆门户。东北与陵水县接壤，西北与保亭县毗邻，西南以仲田岭、回风岭、竹络岭、琼南岭群山为界，构成自然的海湾区域。总面积384.2平方公里。聚集着汉、黎、苗、侗、瑶、畲、土家族，以汉、黎为最。总人口6.8万多人其中三亚市海棠湾镇人口43481人，南田农场人口24519人，苗、侗、瑶、畲、土家族均在农场。(节选自《海棠湾志》)

海棠湾风景迷人早在建省初期的三亚城市发展总体规划中，海棠湾即被列为一个独立的组团，规划用地面积100平方公里，当时的定位是以发展科研、国际交流、旅游度假及热带田园观光为主的生态城市组团。由于被预留为城市远景发展备用地，海棠湾的资源环境因此得到了完好保护 。

Good friends! Now, here we are the famous three gorges of Yangtze river, the three gorges between chongqing and hubei province is located in the upper stream of Yangtze river, is the floorboard of the qutang gorge, wu gorge and xiling. But the scenery here, the grand risk but do not break elegant beautiful zhuang, is a good place for leisure.

The total length of two hundred km, everybody look at both sides is the continuous mountains, mountain without any gap, like a green dragon. Here the mountain towering, canopy, lock the sky became a tape. But for now is noon, even the sun was visible!

Of the three gorges project is a "scene". All the year round, the place has a vastly different beauty waiting for you to enjoy. In the summer, and the waters prevailed here, fast-flowing, is a bold and unrestrained beauty. But for safety reasons, or be a little careful. Autumn, is a kind of sad beauty, each with a frost in the morning, have an ape that has turned the noise, real tear-jerker.

If you are a like quiet beauty, really come to the right time! Spring day like today, showed the quiet beauty of the three gorges. Here is like snow jet and green deep pools, the cyclotron to west also reflected the shadow of everything in the world, visitors can explore in turn head to see, here, it has reflected the sun! On you on both sides of the mountain, with a lot of strange pine, interesting. Now, in front of us is on both sides of the waterfall. This water torrents agitation is cultured and shoot the aesthetic feeling, well, as the ship, we enjoy clear water show, the beauty of the mountain grass sheng!

Happy time always passed quickly, we are thats the end of the trip. May this trip to the three gorges can leave a good memories in your heart, goodbye!

导游欢迎词1000字

各位来宾：大家好!

欢迎大家来到桂林。我们现在是在桂林的两江国际机场，大家请看机场的候机大楼，非常的气派宏伟。两江国际机场是一九九六年开航的，还是一个新机场，据说机场的占地面积是全国最大的。客运量排在全国的前几位。现在我们的巴士从机场开往市区，行程三十公里，约须三十五分钟。

首先自我介绍一下：我姓张，叫张倩。是桂林旅行社的导游，也是我们这个旅行团的导游，大家在桂林的三晚四天的游览中，由我给大家做导游讲解。我们的司机是李师傅，巴士的车牌号是6508，李师傅有十五年的开车经验，开车非常的平稳安全。我们一定会努力为大家服务，让大家在桂林玩得高兴愉快，希望大家对我们的工作多多关照。在这段时间里我给大家介绍桂林的概况：

我们大家专程来到美丽的桂林旅游，桂林是中国乃至世界的着名旅游风景名城，桂林的奇山秀水，如诗如梦的美丽景色，每年吸引着上千万的海内外游客到桂林来观光旅游。桂林位于广西壮族自治区的东北部，全市的人口约四百八十万，其中城区的人口六十万。桂林的总面积有二点七八万平方公里，其中城区的面积有五百六十五平方公里。全市辖叠彩，秀峰，象山，七星，雁山五个区和十二个县。桂林属亚热带季风气候，气候温和，雨量充沛，年平均气温十九度，年平均降雨量为一千九百毫升。冬季的平均气温为八度，夏季的平均气温为二十八度，是一个非常适合于旅游的地方。

我们广西壮族自治区位于中国的南疆，它的东部是广东省，西部是云南省，西北部是贵州省，北部是湖南省，而南部是与越南接壤。广东省的广州市海拔是五十米，桂林的海拔是一百五十米，云南省的昆明市海拔是一千八百米，而更西部的西藏自治区的海拔是四千五百米，地势从东至西迅速增高。据地质学家的研究调查，一亿年以前，从东到西的广东，广西，云南，西藏还是一片海底。后来由于地壳的运动，由海底隆起成为陆地，西藏则被抬升为世界的屋脊。桂林当时是海底的一片石灰岩沉积岩，成为陆地以后，几千万年以来的风雨的侵蚀和溶蚀，形成了桂林独特的喀斯特地质地貌。地面上群峰林立，江河纵横，地面下暗河涌动，钟乳洞遍布群山之中。桂林的山高峭耸立，拔地而起，桂林的水蜿蜒弯曲，清澈见底。桂林以她山清，水秀，洞奇，石美的秀丽风光而闻名于世。

桂林不光是一个风景旅游名城，还是一个历史文化名城。两千多年以前，秦始皇派人在桂林的兴安修筑了灵渠，把珠江水系和长江水系连在了一起。从宋代开始，桂林就是我们广西的政治，经济，文化的中心。明朝的开国皇帝朱元嶂派他的侄儿到桂林担当靖江王，在桂林传有十三代。抗战时期，桂林是全国着名的抗战文化城。桂林山清水秀，地杰人灵，江山代有人才辈出。在清代，出了着名的宰相陈宏谋，民国时期，出了民国的代总统李宗仁，国防部长白崇喜，到了现在，着名的电影[刘三姐]的扮演者黄婉秋，全国着名的歌手俞均健，奥运会体操冠军莫慧兰，奥运会跳水冠军李亭亭。还有羽毛球国手周蜜，都是我们桂林人的骄傲。今年，着名的电影导演张艺谋在桂林的阳朔亲自导演了世界上最大的山水实景文艺表演[印象刘三姐]，把美丽的桂林传说传播到了全世界，吸引了众多的海内外游客竞相前来观赏。

桂林的名称由来是取桂花成林的意思，金秋十月正是满城桂花飘香的季节，在游览其间我们还可以品尝到香气怡人的桂花茶和甜美无比的桂花酒。这个季节桂林

的水果种类非常丰富，有香蕉，苹果，柑桔，西瓜，还有桂林最有名的沙田柚，柿子饼，水蜜桃，在市区和各个景区都可以买到，大家可以尽情品尝。

改革开放的二十年，桂林的旅游业得到了迅速的发展，桂林市着名的观光景区有象山景区，伏波山景区，叠彩山景区，七星公园景区，芦笛岩景区，漓江景区，近两年又建成了有东方威尼斯之称的两江四湖景区，各位贵宾在桂林三晚四天的观光中，将观赏到以上景区的最美丽的景色。

接着我给大家宣布一下明天的行程，明天我们是乘船游览桂林旅游最美丽的漓江风光，游船是早上九点起航，因此我们是六点半叫早，七点开始早餐，八点从酒店出发。从酒店到码头，乘巴士要四十分钟。漓江的游览从桂林到阳朔全程是八十三公里，乘船要大约四个小时。明天的中餐是在游船上用餐，我们明天大约在下午的一点到达阳朔，随后我们还要在阳朔游览大榕树和月亮山公园及参观桂林最大的钟乳石岩洞，“银子岩”，在下午的五点乘车返回桂林。

我们的巴士已进入市区，还有五分钟我们将到达我们住宿的酒店，我们住宿的酒店叫桂山大酒店，坐落在美丽的漓江东岸，是一个四星级的豪华大酒店。到达酒店后，我们将直接上酒店的餐厅用晚餐，在大家用晚餐的时候，我给大家办好入住手续，大家用餐后就可以直接进房间休息了。大件的托运行李会由酒店的行李生给大家送到房间里。房间里没有免费的矿泉水，但有一个烧水的水壶，大家可以自己烧水喝。冰箱里的饮料酒水是收费的，大家可以饮用，退房时到酒店的总台结算就可以了。

我们的巴士已到达桂山大酒店，各位贵宾请拿好自己的行李准备下车。

欢迎大家来到关帝庙!我是你们的导游，我姓x，大家可以叫我小x。为了便于大家参观游玩，下面我首先大家介绍一下关帝庙。

关帝庙位于玫瑰圣母堂附近，建于1750年，庙宇规模较小，内供奉关帝，其塑像雕刻精巧。

关帝庙大殿为金代原构，面宽三间，进深四间，歇山顶琉璃脊饰。前檐明间特宽，平柱约与后檐次间中线相对，柱头栏额肥大，次间栏额伸至明间砍成雀替，犹如门楣形制。有正殿、前后殿、东西配殿及山门，均为传统的砖木结构建筑，正殿高10米，三铺顶，正脊饰有二龙戏珠，山墙正上方有精美石雕，装饰华丽。

今天我的讲解就到此结束了，下面是大家自由参观的时间，希望这次参观能给大家留下一个深刻的印象，预祝大家能玩的开心，谢谢。

各位游客，今天我们一起来游览北国的名山圣水——云台山。

云台山属太行山系，是豫北的名山。因山势险峻，主峰孤密秀矗，形似一口巨锅，兀覆在群峰之上，山间常年云雾缭绕，故得名云台山。

云台山位于河南省焦作市东北30公里的修武县境内。北邻山西省，东接辉县市，西与方山对峙，南面是一望无际的孤原。这里有大小名峰三十六座，峰峦叠翠，雄奇险秀。主峰茱萸峰有一片茂密森林，为国家级森林公园，堪称”园中园”。景区规划总面积约55平方公里。分为三大体系：

一、峰岳景区：茱萸峰、三秀峰、叠彩洞、浓秀谷；

二、沟谷景区：温盘峪、子房湖、小寨沟、老潭沟、武周寨；

三、宗教景区：真庆宫、万善寺、玄帝观、百家岩。这里自然景观优美，人文景观丰富。汉献帝刘协、魏晋”竹林七贤”、唐朝孙思邈、唐太宗李世民及其大将尉迟敬等均在此留下了历史遗迹。

云台山山险水秀，气候凉爽宜人。这里泉源丰富、植被茂密，原始次生林覆盖了整个山峦，各种树木和奇花异草种类达400多种。中药材蕴藏丰富，除人参、灵芝外，还有闻名全内外的四大怀约，以及茱萸、当归等200多种。唐朝孙思邈曾在些采药练丹，至今这一带山区还流传着他服仙丹升天的故事。在云台山景区售票处，有一村庄名”岸上”，背靠一天然屏障，山势突兀，拓面而起，此山名为”翠屏峰”，峰顶有”阎王鼻”。你看那阎王仰脸向天，自鼻以上是黑的，鼻以下的部分是白的，当地人说此阎王黑白分明，辨是非，昼断阳，夜审阴，是当地的主宰，权力至高无上。

在阎王鼻山脚下，有一佛教庙祠，即万善寺。跨过山门，为弥勒殿。大雄宝殿供奉释迦牟尼，这尊像是泰国捐赠的金佛。你看那佛像胸间的（音万），意为太阳光芒四射或燃烧的火，后来作为佛教吉祥的标记，以表示吉祥。寺院的后门，有一小溪自高处流入清池，是优质的矿泉水，泉旁小庙，是财神爷，他虽不能名列佛寺，但来烧香的人，却也不忘烧柱香，以求财旺。

沿公路而上，过了迎宾洞，左边的山谷相裂成隙。这便是温盘峪景区。峪深80余米，最宽处不过丈余，峪上群山环抱，致使这又窄又深的峪内空气不能与外界的空气很好地交流，便形成了自己独特的小气候，这里冬暧夏凉，温度适中，仿佛处在恒久的温暖中，故名温盘峪。这谷南端的瀑布名为“白龙瀑“，传说白龙在此居住。

走过山壁间开凿的隧洞，我们进入温盘峪景区。首先直入眼帘的是“一线天“。人行其间山体相合只留下一线天地，甚是奇妙。

景区内秀幽雄险，集泉、瀑、溪、潭于一谷，素来享有“盆景峡谷“的美誉。峡谷南北长约1公里，宽3—10余米，两岸峭壁山石秀丽，仿佛鬼斧神工，雕凿而成一巨大盆景，又好象名山大川浓缩后的精华，园林专家称之为”自然山水精品廊“，景区内有逍遥石、相吻石、灵龟戏水、双狮吸水、龟背石等景观。

峪内有九龙潭，相传为古时九龙栖息之地，分别为白龙潭、子龙潭、眠龙潭、青龙、黄龙、卧龙、黑龙、首龙等，因峪内司温，潭水常年气温在10度左右，夏季水凉不宜游泳，但却是冬泳的好云处。行至黑龙潭，一持瀑布从山壁间喷薄而出，如堆雪飘杨，十分壮观。动态的水流入静态的水中，十分美丽。

在汉朝初建国后，张良在帮助刘邦建立汉业之后，功高震主，惟恐遭到刘的毒害，再三恳求，告老还乡而去。张良回到家乡之后，仍然坐卧不安，觉得还不太保险，便偷偷地微服出午，隐居到了去台山。因张良字子房，故此处的村庄叫：子房村“，源叫“子房湖”。现在的景区是在原有湖泊上加高修建的，湖面300余亩，长约8华里，最宽处300米，水深呈阶梯状分布，北浅南深，深处约地100米，水容量为1亿立方，是一中型水库。

沿湖而行，可见对面山峦中有“达摩峰”。相传印度僧人达摩来中国传教，到达少林寺，面壁10年仍常有杂念涌入心头，于是走出寺庙，要找一处绝妙的静处修行。后来就来到去台山，在子房湖西畔山峦上静坐。此处人迹罕至，达摩高居山巅，终山岚流云为伴，山灵一片净化像山样入定下来，不久即化仙而去，此处则留下了“达摩峰”和与之遥遥相对的“佛龛峰“。

在子房湖西畔，可见一沟名”黄楝沟“，里面景色宜人，最奇处是沟朝天伸展而出的几个山峰，相连成佛掌，故名“佛掌峰”。佛掌峰上有“天堂”，是一独家独户的自然小村庄。古时，苛捐杂税沉重，有人躲在佛掌峰上，开垦良田，遍栽果树，在上边过起了自给自足的小农生活。躲过了官府的索取，无忧无虑，快乐似神仙，故给自己的家园名之“天堂”。

再往前走，即见子房湖尽处，有两个小村庄绕子房湖东西而扎，这即是子房村，是张良的后世子孙繁衍而成的。在隋末唐初，刘武周和李世民先后在此屯粮食、兵器，故后人称之为“东仓”“西仓”。

安平古堡的导游词

安平古堡位于安平区效忠街、国胜路之间，为荷兰人在1624年所建，当时称为「热兰遮城」，俗名「红毛城」、「番仔城」或「王城」，是中国台湾最早的一座城池。旧热兰遮城分内外二部，城垣范围包括中国台湾最早的延平市街。清康熙後行政中心移至赤嵌，安平城因而没落倾颓，目前古堡西洋建筑为日据时代所建，其馀尚有古迹可循。

附近设有史迹公园及陈列馆。并建有新式了望台，视野及佳，海岸景观尽入眼底。古堡正前方是永汉民艺馆，本为清税务司公馆遗址，现陈列邱永汉捐赠的民俗及山地文物，其中有难得一见的乐器汉明郑时的火药壶，值得一游。

女士们，先生们：大家早上好!

你们已经到了九寨沟了，九寨沟导游词。我先来自我介绍。我叫孙泽宇。大家可以叫我小孙导游或孙导。我的手机号是：31364789。

好了，我们已经到了位于四川省阿坝藏族羌族自治州的九寨沟了大家庭往这边走，后面的游客请跟上。九寨沟纵深40多公里，总面积6万多公顷，三条主沟形成Y形分布，总长达60余公里。相传，主管草木万物之神比央朵明热巴有九个聪明勇敢、美丽善良的女儿，来致电十座雪峰上空，见蛇魔在水中投毒，人畜倒毙。她们打败了蛇魔留下来与九个藏族男子结婚成家，一起重建家园，以后形成九个部落，分居九个寨寮，因此这里就被称为“九寨沟。由于交通不便，这里几乎成了一个与世隔绝的地方。

九寨沟景区面积62平方公里，主要有日则沟景区、树正景区，，则查洼沟景区，扎如景区……

现在我们来到了日则沟景区。它全长9公里，有珍珠滩瀑布、五花海、高瀑布、熊猫海、箭竹海等。看，珍珠滩瀑布犹如一面巨大晶莹的珠帘，从陡峭的断层垂挂而下，置身于这流球飞玉的滩中，真有“滚滚银花足下踩，万顷珍珠涌入怀”的感受。高瀑布是九寨沟最高的瀑布，雄伟吧?你们再来看，五花海湖水一边是翠绿色的，一边是湖绿色的，湖底的枯树，由于钙化，变成一丛丛灿烂的珊瑚，在阳光的照射下，五光十色，非常迷人，好了，我们在这里等一会车，我们准备去树正沟景区。它的主要景点有盆景滩、芦苇海、火花海、树正瀑布、犀牛海和诺日朗瀑布。到了，大家下车跟我来。盆景滩在荷叶寨前方，该处是一个地势低平的浅滩，整个景点犹如一座巨大的盆景。火花海神奇莫测，风吹浪生，显出朵朵“火花”，奇光闪闪，但此景多出现在清晨日出时分。前面是树正瀑布。它在树正寨附近，是九寨沟内第一个瀑布群，一连串40多个海子绵延7公里形成多层台阶。上层台阶海子里的水，从海子边缘全线溢出，形成瀑布，注入下一层台阶的海子，有多少层海子，便有多少层瀑布。落差最小的只有一二米，最大的可达30米。诺日朗瀑布呈多级下跌，宽达140米的水帘从两山间飞出，直泻百尺山崖，形成罕见的森林瀑布。犀牛海是树正沟内最大的海子，是九寨沟内景色变化最多的海子，倒影似幻似真，与天地、树林连成一体。诺日郎瀑布的特点在于雄伟。宽达300米，落差20米的瀑布呈多级下跌趋势，是旅客们最钟爱的取景点之一。大家拍个照吧!

现在我们又来到了则查洼沟景区。它长约17公里，景点集中在沟的尽头，这里有季节海、五彩池和长海。看啊，长海真长，它南北长7。5公里，宽500米，水深80多米，是九寨沟内最大的海。它汇集南面雪峰的雪山和四水的流泉，没有出水口，排水靠蒸发和地下渗透。夏秋纵遇暴雨，海水也不溢堤，冬春长时无雨，海水也不干涸。长海沿岸山峦叠彩，绿权幽深。隆冬季节，冰冻雪封，一片银白，冰厚可达2尺。前面就是五彩池，累了吧，慢慢走!五彩池水上半部呈碧蓝色，下半部则呈橙红色，色彩之斑斓。你们再来看，季节海顾名思义，它的水则随干旱季节而时盈时涸。

最后，我们游览九寨沟的自然保护区。这里森林2万余公顷，在20xx米至4000米的高山上垂直密布。主要品种有红松、云杉、冷杉、赤桦、领春木、连香树等。在这里的原始森林中，栖息着珍贵的大熊猫、白唇鹿、苏门羚、扭角羚、毛冠鹿、金猫等动物。海子中野鸭成群，天鹅、鸳鸯也常来嬉戏，是我国着名的自然保护区之一。

九寨沟蓝天、白云、雪山、森林、尽融于瀑、河、滩、缀成一串串宛若从天而降的珍珠。人们常说“黄山归来不看山，九寨归来不看水”。这里真是“童话世界”啊!难怪它被列入世界人类自然遗产名录。

这次旅游你们一定很满意吧?好了，今天，我们游览到此结束了，祝大家旅途愉快，再见!

赤嵌楼的导游词

赤嵌楼位于民族路、赤嵌街交叉口，列属一级古迹。明永历7年（1653年），荷兰人于此兴建普罗民遮城，郑成功驱逐荷兰人，以此为承天府署。入清后，经多次修缮，始成今貌。

回溯赤嵌楼的历史，荷人所建的普罗民遮城，目前仅剩城堡大门和文昌阁旁的砲座遗迹可供凭吊。清朝重建，包含文昌阁、海神庙、五子祠、蓬壶书院、大士殿五栋建物。

现今的赤嵌楼周长为45丈3尺，高3丈6尺，共分三层，雕栏凌空，轩豁四达；内部则陈列文史资料及相关文物，除了历年修护情况及建物变迁相关图文外，原为蓬壶书院一部分的文昌阁，还奉祀着一尊魁星爷，据说这尊原供书院师生参拜以求金榜题名的魁星爷极为灵验，每届考季，神案上便排满了各色准考证、学生证，祈求神灵护佑

大家好，我是你们这天的导游。我姓X，你们能够叫我X导，祝我们这天的旅程愉快。

乌镇是个美丽的地方，乌镇的小河，河水清澈见底。河上有许许多多的船，叫乌篷船。这种船很大，一船就能乘十多个人，大家能够上去玩玩。注意，留意一点，别掉到河里。乌镇的每条小路旁边都有乌镇特有的小吃，大家能够去买点尝尝。注意，这条小路很窄，大家别拥挤!你们别看这条小路很窄，里面啊，还有一个传说呢：很久以前，这条路本来很宽的，但，发生了一件这样的事情，在那里住着一位大汉和他的妻子，本来很幸福的。可有一天，大汉的妻子为大汉做了一件衣服，大汉不穿，就吵起了架。大汉一生气，就把这条路想方设法的变小了，大汉的妻子就和他分手了。多么可惜的一个家庭呀。

下方我再给大家介绍最重要的游，让大家把握重点，等会游览时做到有的放矢。刚刚说了，乌镇是大文学家茅盾的故乡，那么茅盾故居自然是非去不可的。到了水乡游览不外乎是看建筑，品民俗。而“临街枕水，粉墙黛瓦”是水乡建筑的共性，我们既然到了乌镇就得看它最有特色的东西。乌镇的建筑特色都集中在镇头的修真观和古戏台上了。所以大家等会第一个景点修真观必须不要错过。观里有景点讲解员给大家讲解，我会大在进去的时候在门口把景点的门票发跟各位。参观完第一景点以后，大家愿意跟我一齐游览的就跟我一齐，不愿意跟我一齐打算自由活动的就能够自由活动了。我们再回到游的介绍上来。俗话说的好：“十里不一样音，百里不一样俗”。我们南京离乌镇估计有个5百里，所以民俗就更加的不一样了。而乌镇在民俗方面正好给我们带给了一个观赏的平台。镇里设有江南木雕陈列馆，宏泰染坊蓝印花布陈列馆，江南百床馆，民俗馆等多个展馆。等会小王会带大家一一参观。

各位朋友，接下来，让我们走进乌镇的大图画吧!这些图画，可都是人们一代一代的雕刻下来的，此刻，就传到了我们这一代，我们必须要好好爱护这些图画啊!

各位朋友，站在乌镇的尽头，日出也是十分有特色的。早晨，太阳露出了娃娃脸，十分调皮可爱，慢慢地，慢慢地，太阳越长越大，最后长成了一个成年女性。

各位朋友，这天我们的旅程结束了。祝大家玩得开心，期望下一次还能当你们的导游。

各位朋友大家好!欢迎大家来湖南做客，今天呀就由我来给你们介绍一下湖南的三大有特色代表性特产，分别是湘菜、醴陵瓷器以及湘绣。

首先呢就来介绍一下我们的湘菜，想必有很多人就已经尝过它的味道了吧!湘菜是以长沙、衡阳、湘潭为中心，是湖南菜系的主要代表。它制作精细，用料广泛，口味多变，口种繁多。其特点是：油重色浓，讲求实惠，在品味上注重酸辣、香鲜、软嫩。在制作手法上以煨、炖、腊、蒸、炒诸法见称。煨、炖讲究微火烹调，煨则味透汁浓，炖则汤清如镜;腊味制法包括烟熏、卤制、叉烧，注明的湖南腊肉系烟熏制品，即作冷盘，又可热炒，或用优质原汤蒸;炒则突出鲜、嫩、香、腊，井市皆知。故有人称赞“辣味烈性一相逢，便胜却人间无数。

”湘菜的主要名菜有“东安子鸡”、“红煨鱼翅”、“腊味合蒸”、“面包全鸭”、“油辣竹笋尖”、“板栗烧菜心”、“五元神仙鸡、“吉首酸肉”等。其中“红煨鱼翅”又名“阻庵鱼翅”，是湖南地方名菜。烹调方法是用鱼翅加鸡汤、酱油等，用小火煨制而成，汁浓味鲜，以清鲜糯柔著名。清代光绪年间进士谭组庵十分喜欢吃此菜，其家厨便将黄煨鱼翅的制法作了改进，加上鸡肉、五花猪肉和鱼翅同煨，使鱼翅更加软糯爽滑，汤汁更加醇香鲜美。谭进士食之称赞不已，从此闻名天下。因此，菜为谭家家厨所创，故称为“组庵鱼翅”。

接下来介绍的就是闻名遐迩的湖南醴陵瓷器了，瓷器文化是最具代表性的汉族文化，在英文里中国和瓷器都称为“CHINA”，可见中国瓷器在世界范围内的巨大影响。釉下彩瓷是中国汉族传统的陶瓷装饰艺术，尤其是醴陵出产的釉下彩瓷，在世界享有很高的声誉。醴陵瓷器的瓷质细腻，图案画工精美，尤其釉下五彩瓷器，五彩缤纷，具有较高的艺术价值和使用价值，是凝聚了古代汉族劳动人民智慧和艺术的结晶。漫长的历史长河中，有许多仁人志士和能工巧匠，为醴陵瓷业的发展呕心沥血，作出了重大贡献。1920__年，湖南凤凰人熊希龄(辛亥革命后担任北洋政府)与曾参与“公车上书”的醴陵举人文俊铎，本着实业救国的思想赴日本考察。在日本期间，他们发现日本瓷业技术先进，产品精良。第二年回国后，熊希龄在文俊铎陪同下，前往醴陵的主要粗瓷产地进行调查，找出了醴陵瓷业生产落后的主要原因，同时又看到了醴陵进一步发展瓷业生产的有利条件：消费市场广阔，瓷土资源丰富，劳动力价格低廉。随即提出了“立学堂、设公司”等主张，得到了湖南官府的大力支持。

当年，湖南官立瓷业学堂在醴陵正式开办，次年，湖南瓷业制造公司在醴陵成立，熊希龄任公司总经理，文俊铎任学堂监督。公司聘请日本技师和景德镇技术工人，引进了当时日本最先进的生产工艺和设备，开启了醴陵由粗瓷生产到细瓷开发的新纪元。独具特色的醴陵釉下五彩瓷就是在这样的背景下研制出来的。醴陵的釉下五彩瓷不仅美观大方，而且具有耐摩擦、耐酸碱、无铅毒、永不褪色的优点，属于真正的绿色环保产品，在国内外久负盛名。醴陵瓷器不仅走进了首都人民大会堂、中南海、毛主_纪念堂，而且飘洋过海，出口世界五大洲，深受各国人民的喜爱。醴陵瓷器的瓷质细腻，图案画工精美，尤其釉下五彩瓷器，五彩缤纷，具有较高的艺术价值和使用价值。汉族优秀的民族传统工艺之一，湘绣是以湖南长沙为中心的带有鲜明湘楚文化特色的湖南刺绣产品的总称，是勤劳智慧的湖南汉族劳动人民在漫长的人类文明历史的发展过程中，精心创造的一种具有湘楚文化特色的民间工艺

。湘绣与苏绣、蜀绣、粤绣齐名，为中国四大名绣之一。湘绣传统上有72种针法。分平绣类、织绣类、网绣类、纽绣、结绣类五大类还有后来不断发展完善的?毛针以及乱针绣等针法。湘绣擅长以丝绒线绣花，绣品绒面的花型具有真实感，曾有“绣花能生香，绣鸟能听声，绣虎能奔跑，绣人能传神”的美誉。湘绣起源于民间刺绣，已有20__多年历史。现已发现最早的实物是1958年长沙楚墓中出土的一幅龙风图。湘绣艺术特色，主要表现为形象生动、逼真，质感强烈，它是以画稿为蓝本，“以针代笔”，“以线晕色”，在刻意追求画稿原貌的基础上，进行艺术再创造。故其独特技艺，尽在“施针用线”之中。湘绣以其独特的捣鬼魅力吸引着国内外人士，1920__年在南洋劝业会上被誉为“浑笔墨于无痕”，“字格簪花，迹灭针线”。湘绣先后参加过日本、巴拿马、美国等地举办的国际博览会，多次获得优胜奖，在国际市场上享有盛誉。 好了，我的讲解就到此结束了，谢谢大家!

Each group members, today we will visit the scenic spots is a tomb. Sun yat-sens mausoleum is located in nanjing, the second peak of small maoshan the foothill, is one of the greatest Chinese democratic revolution pioneer sun yat-sen mausoleum, it is a famous building in nanjing during the period of the republic of China, has now become a card and sign in nanjing, is one of the first 5 a grade scenic spot. First, lets look at the sun yat-sen this person. Sun yat-sen, sun yat-sen, because when engaged in revolutionary activities in Japan has used "zhongshan firewood" alias, so your respectful name he is Mr Zhongshan, domestic and foreign friends often referred to as Dr. Sun yat-sen. Was born in 1866, as a teenager in Honolulu, Hong Kong and other places to study, after graduation to practice medicine in places such as guangzhou, macau, and after a medical in politics; Organization founded the Chinese brothers in Japan in 1905, put forward the "expel the manchus, restore China, the establishment of the republic of China, the average land ownership" of the platform, as well as the three peoples principles ", the peoples livelihood and civil rights for democracy "theory; After the revolution in 1911, was elected the provisional President of the republic of China; The oath of office in 1912 New Years day, after yuan shikai secretly, he has led the "second revolution" movement "protecting" the movement to protect the ", etc.;

On March 12, 1925, died in Beijing because became ill because of overwork. Sun yat-sens mausoleum burial site is sun yat-sen was selected, on April 1, 1912 is the sun for the day after the peaceful reunification of the north and south, resolutely resigned as their President, sun yat-sen and hunting hu and others had to purple mountain area, he looked around the terrain, smiles to the around said: "after I had another died, to national begging for this 柸 soil, to house body". Sun yat-sens mausoleum was designed by young architects Lv Yanzhi, and mountain building, sits, Ming tomb, in the west and the east which the soul valley temple, cemetery global form design is "wake-up call". Sun yat-sens mausoleum since the start in the spring of 1926 in the summer of 1929 to build. Held on June 1, 1929 at 12 noon "manusoleum" sun yat-sens coffin was buried inside the tomb has never been opened. LingQian parts: (2 minutes)

Now we came to the tomb of the half moon square. Octagonal stone table, south of the square there is a statue of baoding copper, 4.25 meters high, abdominal diameter 1.23 meters, weighs 5000 kilograms, is one of the monuments of sun yat-sens mausoleum, the ding is in the autumn of 1933 by guangzhou zhongshan university President and all the teachers and students to donate, tai chi-tao wrote pot belly cast with "wisdom, kernel, brave," three word is the school motto of sun yat-sen university, ding also groove wear mother huang xiao ", the full text, so the xiao ding and ding. Ascend the stairs by square, right against the face of humanity, located in the center of the front, this is a four pillars three eaves of memorial arch, built in 1930, 12 meters high, 17.3 meters wide, with fujian granite archaize generation built wooden arches form, banners overlying blue glazed tile, before and after the column foot drum stone, the bottom of the column for rectangular stone bridge, arch carved lotus petals on clouds and ancient buildings such as coloured drawing or pattern design, because it is in writing banners on a stone, engraved with sun yat-sen calligraphy "fraternity" two gold-plating spiral, so called "love fang". Love a word from the tang han yus "the way" "universal love" benevolence ", it is said that sun yat-sens favourite topic

These two words to send people, that the word has become his life very good summary and reflection. Through the memorial arch, is a 480 meters long and 40 meters wide of the pyramid-shaped mound, left, middle and right three pyramid-shaped mound, intermediate in 12 meters wide, 9 meters wide on both sides of the lawn, which planted with cedar, Sabina chinensis, such as evergreen trees, the two sides of the pyramid-shaped mound each 4.6 meters wide, in what they each have the lawn, which not only planted gingko trees, such as cement benches for YeLing person to rest, also has in the design of both conforms to the spirit of traditional Chinese architecture, but also has a unique style, strict in axisymmetric give a person the sense with testimonies is rigorous, with two symmetrical cedar, Sabina chinensis, ginkgo, red maple trees instead of the ancient imperial tomb common stone golem, suggesting Mr Zhongshan spirit such as cypress trees last forever.

小朋友，你们一定听说过新白娘子传奇吧!知道我们盐城有座雷峰塔吗?它就在美丽的迎宾公园湖畔。

晚风习习，夜幕下的雷峰塔灯火明亮、游人如织。我们沿着曲曲折折的湖边小道走向雷峰塔，迎面而来的是一个大大的鼎，它给雷峰塔平增了几丝古色古香的味道。

塔的最底层是一个地下放映厅，它每天都演绎着白娘子和许仙的动人爱情故事。沿着窄长的楼梯上去，塔一共有三层，游人们三三两两地倚在扶手上，或放眼远眺,或交谈私语。

雷峰塔上灯火闪烁,金碧辉煌，十分壮观。登上塔的最高层，远远望去迎宾大桥就像天空中一道理美丽的彩虹。看!大桥映着水中的倒影，就像只明亮的大眼睛，桥上过往的车辆和行人就像眼睛里亮丽的都市风景，把雷峰塔映照更加美丽!