北京故宫英文导游词带翻译【合集20篇】

北京昌平南口沃德兰游乐园导游词范文

沃德兰游乐园，是由华彬集团投资兴建的大规模旅游娱乐项目，下面第一范文网小编为大家带来了北京昌平南口沃德兰游乐园导游词范文，希望对你有所帮助!

昌平南口沃德兰游乐园导游词

各位旅客朋友们：

大家好!

吃过了饭下午我们将前往八达岭长城参观，车行这里叫做南口，它是八达岭长城所在的山谷——关沟的南出口。关沟是镇守北京和明朝皇陵最为重要的地方，在关沟内总共设有四道关，八达岭是最外面的关，而南口则是最内侧的关。不过在这里我们只能够看到一个烽火台和数十米的一段残城墙屹立在高速路的两侧。

在南口除了城墙和烽火台以外，我们还可以看到一片气势磅礴的建筑群。那就是曾经震动亚洲的在1996年准备兴建的沃德兰乐园，按照当时的设计图纸，它的面积将超过东京的迪斯尼乐园，成为亚洲第一大游乐园，按照这样的规模兴建，那么从这个大门口一直可以到达远处的山脚下，游乐园里还包括高级酒店、购物中心和美食街等。按照当时的设想，它将成为中国甚至世界各国的游客来北京旅游的必去景点。

但是在1997年底，这个建设中的游乐园突然停工了，半年以后居然连建筑工人也撤退了，接下来的日子一直到今天，我们再没有看到这个游乐园恢复建设，每次去路过的时候只能看到这个建设一半的公园大门。那么究竟是什么原因让这么大的一个游乐园忽然停工的呢?这得从这个公司的不科学运作开始说起，当他们在向社会公布自己的游乐园的规划图纸时候，他们仅仅注意公众的关注程度，以及后期的投资回报，而没有想到当地的居民更关注这条消息，因为在他们的规划图纸中还有一部分土地的价格没有谈妥，按照正常的惯例，离大门越远的地区价格会越便宜，可是这些果农看到图纸后贪心发作突然决定终止土地收购谈判，而恢复谈判的条件是原来价格的四倍，而突然遇到这样的困难，使得公司有点意想不到。他们经过了考虑把原来的价格提高了一倍，那是什么概念呢，如果原来把土地卖掉只够你在市区内买两套房和一辆丰田车的，现在的价格你可以买四套房加一辆奥迪车了。现在卖了我之后一辈子衣食无忧了，如果果农这样想，那可能所有土地就会马上谈妥。可是人的欲望总是不断增加的，他们坚持守住原来的价格不变，没有办法，公司只好被迫停工，同时也是想给果农们一些压力，让他们明白如果土地没卖你还得种一辈子果树，但果农比较执着地认为你既然已经建好了大门，那么工程就肯定不会停下来了，这样坚持了有三个月左右，接下来大家都那时候发生了什么吧，1997年亚洲出现了空前的金融危机，整个亚洲的企业都陷入亏损状态，而这个公司可能也受到了很大影响，而这边的土地价格又一直谈不下来，最终他们决定放弃这个亚洲最大的游乐园的建设，把工程队伍撤走了。而那些果农呢，当他们亲眼看到工程队撤走不再建设的时候，估计肠子都悔青了。因为他们又得回到天天去种树的生活当中了，而这种机会，可能他们这辈子都不会再赶上第二回了。理智的人都应该这样想，你在做什么事情的时候不要想别人会从这件事上获得多少，而是只想这件事对你是否值得，只要对自己值得才是最实际的呢。人就是这样，可以得到的时候觉得无所谓，而真正得不到的时候才后悔。

我自己就一个这样的事情，那是去年去甘肃旅游时候的事，至尽还印象深刻。作为一个导游，我也很喜欢旅游，每年我都会腾出一段来奖励自己去旅游。去年7月，我自己去了甘肃敦煌酒泉一线，看一看著名的莫高窟和酒泉卫星发射基地。从敦煌走之前的晚上，在沙洲夜市我看上了一个仿造的铜飞马，也叫马踏飞燕，众所周知，它原本出土于酒泉附近的汉墓中，后来被国家旅游局定为中国旅游的标志。作为一个旅游从业人员，能够有一个成为行业标志的文物仿造品放在家里显然是很不错的选择，当时就去跟小贩砍起了价。价格一路从120降到55，没法再便宜了，这时候几经犹豫还是没有买，主要是我考虑到这铜飞马是在酒泉附近出土的，应该在下一站酒泉买的会更多，也许会更便宜一些。后来到了酒泉，才惊奇地发现，这个因为并不是一个旅游城市，所以很难找到一个小贩多的地方，铜飞马居然连大商场里都找不到，这下可就真的后悔了，因为机会已经彻底错过了。后来在西安又再次发现了它，这次也没有买，因为价格高出敦煌数倍，而且它失去了在原产地购买的价值，变的不伦不类。

所以这里也是告诉大家，在商店里买什么东西都不要去想什么，我买了之后别人会我身上挣走多少钱啊，我买了之后是不是还会看到更便宜的了之类的事情。因为这些都是无关于你的问题，你买完东西之后大可以不再去关心同类产品的价格，安心地去旅游了，毕竟大家来北京旅游才是第一的，整个揣着比较的心思去到处找合适价格把自己的旅游给耽误了就更不值得了。在你买东西的时候只要去想，这个东西我买对我自己是否值得，我买了之后对我有什么好处，它能给我带来什么就可以了。毕竟购物是一种放松方式，而不是战斗。

沃德兰游乐园发展历程

1994年，北京市昌平区南口镇政府引入沃德兰项目，将陈庄等五个村的1000多亩土地租给华彬集团，由其投资创建沃德兰游乐园。该项目占地123.04公顷，于1994年开建。

1998年，受到东南亚经济危机波及，以及开发商、当地政府和村民在土地价值评估和补偿上存在分歧，整个项目因此被搁置下来。

20xx年，华彬集团曾试图重启该项目，最后也以失败而告终。

20xx年9月，沃德兰乐园开始拆除，计划最快将会在20xx年3月动工建设新的项目。

20xx年5月14日，已经“烂尾”20xx年多的昌平沃德兰游乐园已经基本拆除完毕，进入最后的土地整理阶段 。

沃德兰游乐园成为摄影探险胜地

这座曾经的大型游乐城自从停工后，就变成了摄影爱好者和探险者的乐园。

“经常看到有年轻人拿着相机过来照相，这儿还很受老外喜欢，时不时会有外国朋友拿着相机来拍摄，还 饶有兴趣地参观。”

尽管没能做成“亚洲最大的游乐园”，沃德兰却在探险圈子里占有一席之地，探险爱好者和摄影爱好者颇为心仪，前者将其奉为全球最美的20座废墟之一，后者则将其命名为“被埋葬在庄稼地里的童话”。

童话风格明显的欧式城堡建筑、锈迹斑斑的钢架、高耸入云还裸露着金属顶架的尖塔，和周围成片的玉米地形成鲜明的对比，成为摄影爱好者眼中独特的“废墟风情”。据周边村民介绍，到这里来拍摄的人不少，有的是拍荒废了的建筑，也有来拍摄人像的。在网络上，经常有人发出“召集令”，他们更愿意把沃德兰之行称为一次“探险”。

陕西西安大清真寺英文导游词

禁寺又名麦加大清真寺是世界著名的清真大寺，伊斯兰教第一大圣寺，始建于公元630年，世界各国穆斯林向往的地方和去麦加朝觐礼拜的圣地。下面是小编为大家带来的关于陕西西安大清真寺英文导游词范文!

陕西西安大清真寺英文导游词

The Great Mosque at Huajue Lane

The Mosque is a major spot for religious activities of over 60.000 Moslems in Xi’an, likewise, an important cultural relic protected by the Provincial People’s Government. Unlike the Arabic mosques, with splendid domes, the minarets reaching into the clouds, the coulourful engraved sketches with dazzling patterns, the Mosque here in Xi’an possesses much Chinese traditional touch in both its design and artistic outlook; besides the style peculiar to Islamic mosques, this Mosque also holds characteristics of Chinese pavilions with painted beams and engraved ridgepoles.

However, any further discussion about the Mosque will be futile unless anything of the introduction of Islam into China is brought up.

Islam as a religious order was founded in the early period of the 7th century A.D. and was introduced to China in the mid-600s. At that time, Arabian merchants and travelers came to the northwest of China by way of Persia and Afghanistan and thus established diplomatic, trade, and military contacts with China. In the meantime, another route saw a batch of sea voyagers through Bangladesh Bay and the Malacca Strait to China’s Guangzhou, Quanzhou, Huangzhou, Yangzhou and other cities where many of them settled down and married the local women who later gave birth to babies who then became Moslems.

However, massive immigration of the Moslems to China did not take place until as late as the early period of the 13th century, when Genghis Khan, as a result of his expedition against the west, had conquered vast expanses of land stretching from Central Asia to Eastern Europe, including the north of Iran. Many of the Moslems in the conquered areas were thus forced to enlist and later settled in China.

Among the enlisted many were soldiers, and some were smiths and officials who were called the Hui people in the history books on the Yuan dynasty. The Hui people later followed Kublai Khan down to the south, helping him unifying China and then establish the Yuan dynasty. In the wake of the conquest, Islam spread all over China and mosques began to appear everywhere. In the Yuan dynasty, many Moslems held positions both in the military and civilian organs of the country. And a lot of the Moslems took part in Zhu Yuanzhang’s uprising in the early 14th century and made great contributions to the founding of the Ming Dynasty. Therefore, all the emperors of the Dynasty issued mandates to protect Islam, and to set up mosques in praise of the Moslems for their feats. In the early 16th century, Islam predominated Qinghai on the minority nationalities including the Huis, the Uygurs, the Kazaks, the Kirgizes, the Tajiks, the Tartars, the Ozbeks, the Dong Xiangs, the Salars and the Bonans. The Moslems in Xi’an are mainly the Huis, being a small portion out of the ten million in China.

The Mosque at Hua Jue Lane is the largest in Xi’an, and at the same time, it is also one of the earliest built on a comparatively large scale, and well preserved mosques in China.

According to “the Stele on the Building of the Mosque”, the mosque is said to be built in the Tang Dynasty. However, the architectural style of the mosque suggests a possible building dating back to the Ming Dynasty. The four courtyards of the mosque cover an area of more than 12,000 square meters, out of which about 4,000 are occupied by various structures. The still intact wooden front memorial gateway of the front yard, built at the turn of the 17th century, with glazed tiles on the top, spectacular corners and upturned eaves, is about 9 metres high, and has a history of about 360 years. The stone memorial gateway in the center of the second courtyard is flanked with a tail stele on either side with dragons carved on each, recording the repair work ever since the building of the Mosque. On the back of one of the steles are engraved characters by the master calligrapher Mi Fu, “May Buddhism Fill the Universe”, on the other, “Royal -Bestowed”by Dong Qichang, another master of the same art of the Ming dynasty. They are treasures in Chinese calligraphy. At the entrance of the third courtyard is an imperial built hall, where a “month tablet”, showing the calculation of the Hui Calendars in Arabic, is stored. It was compiled by a man in charge of the mosque called Xiao Mining in the early period of the Qing dynasty. A three –storeyed octagonal wooden structure called “Retrospection Tower”also stands in the center of the courtyard, which has the same function as the minaret in Islamic temples in Arabic countries, and which is a place from where orders were sent to call the Moslems to come to worship. Respectively, on the south and north wings of the tower, are a reception chamber and a Scripture Chamber, both elegantly laid out. The five wooden houses, which are called “Water Houses”in the southwest section of the Mosque are the place where the believers bathe themselves before they attend their services. And in side the fourth courtyard there is a structure called “the Pavilion of Phoenix”, a place where the worshipers used to wait for the services. The Pavilion, in fact, is a compound structure of three small buildings. The six-gabled structure of the central part, adjoining the two three-gabled buildings on each side looks very much like a flying phoenix, and hence its name. Just at the back of the Pavilion, there is a fishpond, beyond which is a platform occupying an area as large as 700 m2. Across both ends of the platform stands the 1,300 square metered service hall, holding over a thousand worshipers at once. There are over six hundred sunk panels well as the sunk panels, are decorated with patterns of painted trailing plants and Arabic letterings. The imam leads his group of worshipers, while facing in the direction of Mecca, to chant in Koran and to pay their religious homage.

The Moslems in China share very much the same customs with their brothers and sisters elsewhere in the world. They worship five times a day: at dawn, at noon, in the afternoon, at dusk, and at night. Female worshipers attend their services in a separated place from their brothers, usually at home. Moslems pay special attention to their health and see that they always wear clean clothes. They are teetotalers not only of wine, but also of pork and animal blood for in Koran pigs have been mentioned four times as being “unclean”. According to Koran, a man can have four wives and women should wear veils when they go out. However, except a few places in Xinjiang, the Chinese practise monogamy and women are veiless when they go out. Upon his death, a Moslem has to be “thoroughly cleaned”(thoroughly bathed), has to be put on “Ke Fan”(to be shrouded with a piece of white cloth) and has to be buried coffinless in the ground, with an imam reciting Scriptures at the funeral.

The Chinese constitution promulgates that freedom of religion of each citizen and freedom of preserving or reforming local customs for every nationality are permitted. And of course, the Moslems in China enjoy equal rights with peoples of other nationalities and their religious beliefs and customs are respected everywhere in the country.

Dear tourists, how are you? Im your guide. You can call me Liu Dao. Whatwere going to visit today is the temple of heaven, the place where the emperorworshiped heaven.

Emperor Yongle of the Ming dynasty built the altar for heaven worship inthe south of Beijing, imitating the Great Hall of worship in Nanjing. The mainbuilding is the Great Hall of worship, which is the location of todays Hall ofpraying for new year. The temple of heaven has outer wall and inner wall. It isround in the north and square in the south.

Now we are going south along the central axis of the temple of heaven. Whatwe are going to see is the Circular Mound Altar where the ancient emperorsoffered sacrifices to heaven. There are two enclosure walls in the round hill,which make the outside square and the inside round, in line with the statementthat the sky is round and the place is round. What needs to be mentioned inparticular is that the place where the emperor stood was the Tianxin stone inthe center of the mesa. He is one of the three acoustic phenomena in the templeof heaven. When reading aloud here, the voice is particularly loud, and now itsthe same here. You tourists may as well experience the strange effect, and likethe emperor of that year, tell God your good wishes.

As you may have noticed just now, there are many cypress trees in thetemple of heaven. Yes, its like a natural oxygen bar in Beijing. Among theseancient cypresses, there is a cypress over 500 years old, which is the ninedragon cypress outside the west wall of echo wall. Its trunk texture is verystrange, full of ravines, and twisted, like nine dragons winding around playing,so it is not too much to call it Jiulong cypress. Please dont climb trees. Payattention to your words and deeds. This is a sacred place. We should keep aquiet mind,

After liberation, the temple of heaven has not only become a famous touristattraction, but also an integral part of Beijings urban green space. Not onlytourists come here, but also some elderly people who are specially for physicalfitness.

Todays tour is over. I hope this tour can make you remember and leave adeep memory in your heart.

I hope you will come again next time.

游客们，大家好！欢迎你们来到北京，我叫陈钰铃，你们可以叫我陈导或小陈都行。很高兴成为你们的向导。现在我们马上就到世界闻名的故宫。

游客们，我们沿着天安们入口就可以走进故宫。故宫是世界上现存规模最大的古代皇家宫殿建筑群，故宫又名叫紫禁城。“紫”是天上君王居住宫殿的颜色，人间的帝王当然要与“紫”字沾点边。故宫平面呈长方形，南北长960米，东面宽750米，全面积72万平方米。

好了，我们现在说到这里，请大家去游赏、拍照做纪念，请大家不要乱扔垃圾，保护环境。

小三峡胜似三峡，山比三峡险。小漓江赛过漓江，水比漓江清。横批：塞外一绝

这是游人曾为龙庆峡拟的一副对联，或许，它道出了这片奇山丽水的底蕴;或许，那更深的体现和感悟，用一副对联是难以穷尽的。但龙庆峡就是龙庆峡，它既有南国山水的柔媚与婉约，又不失北方山水的雄健与阳刚，它是集南北山水之大成，而出落成的一颗塞外璀璨的明珠……. 水作青罗带，山如碧玉簪。 乘船游龙庆峡，仿佛是用手徐徐展开的一轴山水长卷，漓江风韵扑面而来，游人无处不在画境中。那山，群峰屏列，逶迤嵯峨，随形寓意，依貌称名，大自然的天道沧桑、鬼斧神工造化了镇山如来、钟山、凤冠岛、东大寨、月亮湾等30余处景观，附丽了人的感情，山水就有了人的性格和灵性。那水，碧波清流，九曲萦回绿得氤氲，柔的纤缱，拓山光鸟影于怀，纳长天白云在胸。山回水转，水贯山行，可谓"崖出疑无路，云开别有天"。

龙庆峡的盛夏，气候凉爽，空气清新，气温低于北京城区6度，甚至比承德避暑山庄还低0.8度。而隆冬，结冰期较长，异常寒冷，于是，这里就诞生了冰灯艺术的奇葩，峡谷，一个冰雕玉砌的世界，一个北国冰雪的乐园。

而历史的脚印，山间古刹庙宇，又为这明丽的山水之梦，着了一笔古铜的底色，令其愈显久远幽深。神仙院耸立在群山围合，孤峰独峙之巅，1998年这里再现明代庙宇风采，在云雾缥渺，树木蓊郁当中，层层崇台，依山叠砌，殿宇楼堂，鳞次栉比，翠瓦丹墙，飞金流碧.......一览众山小的玉皇顶，主阁俨然，重檐九脊。清人来此曾记“逼面千峰起，回头万壑低”。

我姓苏，叫我苏导游，今天带你们来游览一下我国著名的天坛。

我国天坛建于公元15世纪上半叶，坐落在皇家园林当中，四周杏松环保，是保存完好的坛庙建筑群，无论再整体布局还是单一建筑群上，到反映出天地之间的关系，而这一关系在中国古代宇宙观中占着核心位置。同是，这些建筑还体现出帝王将相在这一关系中所起的独特作用。

天坛位于北京市崇文区永定门内大街左侧，是明清两代帝王祭天祈谷、夏至祈雨、冬至祭雪的圣地。

天坛主要建筑均位于内坛，从南到北排列在一条直线上。全部宫殿、坛基都朝南呈圆形，以象征天。整个布局和建筑结构，都具有独特的风格。祈年殿是皇帝祈祷五谷丰收的场所，是一座三重檐的圆形大殿，高38米，直径32.72米，蓝色琉璃瓦屋顶，全砖木结构，没有大梁长檩，全靠28根木柱和36根枋桷支撑，在造型上具有高度的艺术价格。

The jiuhua mountain in the territory of the county in the south of anhui,is one of the four famous buddhist mountains in China. Astronomers liu yuxi intang dynasty, after the jiuhua mountain, the admiration, think long and famousall cant contend with the jiuhua mountain. Li Baiceng jiuhua mountain on three.The characteristics of the jiuhua mountain is the mountain show, the buddhisttemple many.

In the early years of the eastern (401), has built the temple hill, thenbuild, expansion, the formation of "three mile a small temple, the five to atemple," temple throughout the whole, is said to be thriving period up to morethan 300, one thousand monks four or five. Now intact 五六十座 are temples.

Jiuhua, first of all to jiu hua street, here more than 600 meters above sealevel, is the center of jiuhua mountain, temples are mainly concentrated inhere, therefore is called "lotus buddhist". Here is actually a mountain villagesand towns, in addition to the temple, there are shops, schools, hotels,farmhouse, visitors can stay here, and as a starting point, to visit the sightsof the mountain. Jiu hua in the street of the city temple, ancient temples,jiuhua mountain is the oldest of jin dynasty is Lord also of the jiuhua mountaintemple, the temple of the building layout according to the mountain, reflect thesuperb architectural art. Temple has a higher consisting, weighing about 20__pounds of clocks, casting, loud noise, use the hammer impact, dignifiedrealisation of the bell, echoed in the valley, often make the person has thefeeling of extraordinary to take off the vulgar. "The city production" becameone of the ten views "of" nine China.

From jiu hua street walk far east, there is a palace built on the cliff, isthe famous "hundreds of years old palace". Saying is its plaques "qincentenarians palace, participated in ten thousand the temple" ten gold. It issaid that in the Ming wanli years, monk, too, was a 26-year-old arrived injiuhua mountain, in a solitary penance for 100 years in the cave. Three yearsafter the death, people found his body in the cave. The mountain monk thinks heis the living Buddha reincarnation, hence the body with gold. After the Mingemperor chongzhen know seal him as "bodhisattva" should be. So consecrate hissmall temple incense, temple extension, become one of the four big jungle jiuhuamountain. Visitors can see it in the flesh temple temple wearing mitral, wearinghis red robes, seated on a lotus of the monks gold body.

Jiu hua scene in tiantai. Tiantai peak is the jiuhua mountain, 1300 metersabove sea level. "Tiantai, the not equal to didnt come". From the rooftop injiu hua street, about 15 li mountain, after a lot of scenic spots along the way.When you are panting, reached the tiantai is top, the view, will give you abroad-minded, fatigue elimination. To look around the mountains prostrate, jiuhua street, is the size of a slap. Atop the, heaven and earth one integratedmass, the Yangtze river such as faintly visible. Cool wind sent the pines,bamboo is raging, intoxicating. The surrounding rock, strange, takes the tans.There is a "the human" three characters carved on stone. At this moment, reallymake the person were in penglai fairyland feeling. See the sunrise on the roof,it is said that the magnificent scenery as RiGuanFeng on mount tai see thesunrise. So "tiantai xiao day" is listed as one of the ten views "9".

大家好，我姓张，名叫张庚辰。大家可以叫张导。这次，我带大家浏览故宫，希望在浏览中可以结识更多的朋友，更希望大家玩得开心。

在我身后是名不虚传的北京故宫，是明清两朝的皇宫。在那时也被称作紫禁城。这座故宫是明朝皇帝朱棣挑选出的无数能工巧匠，用了20xx年时间建筑而成的。所以说北京故宫的正门很壮观、气派，大家可以去照相留念，给大家五分钟时间。

北京故宫规模宏大，占地面积约为72万平方米，里面有许多的房屋，一共有九千多间。这么多的房屋都去的话，要很长时间。所以，我们不能每间都去。

咱们先去最著名的后寝浏览一下吧。后寝是皇上和王妃在一起生活的地方，以乾清宫、交泰殿为中心，其中乾清宫是皇上的寝宫，每到节日，皇上一定会在那宴请臣子们。乾清宫正殿上挂着光明正大的巨匾，是清朝皇帝御笔亲题的，非常壮观。大家可以把这块巨匾照下来，回去欣赏。

当然，这么大的宫殿，里面的文物也是很多的。现存下来的文物不到150万件，多数放在历史艺术馆展览。如果有条件的话，我们可以去仔细欣赏这些文物。

今天的旅游线到止结束。希望你们对我以及北京故宫留下美好的印象。祝大家一路顺风，下次再见。

各位游客，你们好!

我是你们这次参观的导游，我姓徐，大家也可以叫我徐导，大家本次的参观由我为大家讲解。

现在我们所在的敦煌莫高窟位于敦煌市西大约25公里处，为中国的四大石窟之一，国家的重点保护单位，也是全世界洞窟艺术的瑰宝!莫高窟开始建造于公元339年，后面的几个朝代也继续建造，最后完成的壁画面积近45000平方米，飞天约2400尊，佛像约4000座，分布于492个石窟中。

游客们，你们现在所看到的就是第292窟的飞天壁画!飞天是中国古代佛教中的八大护法之一，形象接近于着盛装的美女，这些在空中飞舞的飞天神态各异，轻盈灵动，手上拿着佛教中的传说的宝器：莲花、笛子、砗磲、鲜花…….。在你们的左手边是一尊高大的佛像，佛像身上雕刻的线条清晰，颜色绚丽，体现着中国古代精湛的雕刻和绘画技巧。

现在各位游客们注意了，你们来到了著名的第17号石窟，这里的飞天和佛像相比于其它洞窟不仅数量多，而且雕刻的特别精致。比如这座佛像，双腿盘坐于莲花座上，双手捏了一个手势放在膝盖上，手心朝天，双眼细咪，神态安详，仿佛若有所思;另外那个佛像则是一副满脸不高兴的样子，真是好笑;另外天空中的飞天衣带飘飘，洒落的花瓣就像是为人间送上的`祝福。

但是近几年莫高窟也遭到了很多人的破坏，文物、壁画被盗，还有些则是因为保护不够被自然损坏，为了保护这个全世界洞窟艺术的瑰宝，我们应该积极行动起来，从自身的行动入手，做到以下几点：

1. 不随便拍照，文明游览。

2. 不乱涂乱画，不乱扔垃圾。

3. 不要随意摸文物。

4. 不大声喧哗，保持安静。

5. 看见不良行为及时阻止，看见垃圾随手捡。

让我们大家都出一份力，来保护我们的莫高窟吧!

各位游客，今天带大家的旅游参观到此为止，欢迎大家以后再来，谢谢。

亲爱的游客朋友：

今天，由我带领大家来游览故宫。

故宫位于北京市中心，是明、清两代的皇宫，又称紫禁城。故宫始建于明永乐四年至十八年，也就是现在说的1420xx年至1420xx年。北京故宫为世界五大宫殿之首，其它四殿分别是法国凡尔赛宫、英国白金汉宫、俄罗斯克里姆林宫和美国白宫。 故宫南北长961米，东西宽753米，面积约为725，000平方米。建筑面积15。5万平方米。故宫够大吧!

相传故宫有9999。5间房，有人做过形象比喻：如果有人从刚出生就开始住，要住到27岁才可以住完。实际据1973专家现场测量故宫的房间有8704间。

故宫有四个门，正门名为午门。午门有五个洞。其平面为凹形，宏伟壮丽。午门后有五座精巧的汉白玉拱桥通往太和门。东门名东华门，西门名西华门，北门名神武门。故宫的四个城角都有精巧玲珑的角楼，角楼高27。5米，十字屋脊，三重檐迭出，四面亮山，多角交错，是结构奇丽的建筑。

后门“神武门”，明朝时为“玄武门”，玄武为古代四神兽之一，从方位上讲，左青龙，右白虎，前朱雀，后玄武，玄武主北方，所以帝王宫殿的北宫门多取名“玄武”。清康熙年间因避讳改称“神武门”。神武门也是一座城门楼形式，用的最高等级的重檐庑殿式屋顶，但它的大殿只有五开间加围廊，没有左右向前伸展的两翼，所以在形制上要比午门低一个等级。神武门是宫内日常出入的门禁。现神武门为故宫博物院正门。

东华门与西华门遥相对应，门外设有下马碑石，门内金水河南北流向，上架石桥1座，桥北为三座门。东华门与西华门形制相同，平面矩形，红色城台，白玉须弥座，当中辟3座券门，券洞外方内圆。城台上建有城楼，黄琉璃瓦重檐庑殿顶，城楼面阔5间，进深3间，四周出廊。

前三殿是全宫最大的建筑群，占地面积有达8。5万平方米，是宫城的12%，后三供则为前三殿的25%，期于宫殿依次递减，主要突出前三殿、后三宫的主要地位。1961年定位中国第一批全国重点文物保护单位。

好了，大家可以自由活动了，游玩时注意安全，注意保持景点卫生，祝大家玩得愉快。

英文的导游词精选范文

小编为大家准备了一些英文的导游词，希望你们喜欢。快随小编的脚步一起欣赏吧。

贵州黄果树英文导游词

ladies and gentlemen :

Today we will visit scenic spots is the Huangguoshu Falls. Huangguoshu Waterfall is the first in the Fall, as well as in the world wide to the Great Falls one. In November 1982, the People’s Republic of China State Council approved, Huangguoshu Falls has been listed as a national key scenic spots. Huangguoshu waterfall from the provincial capital of Guiyang City, 137 km, Guizhou Province is located in the western Zhenning Guanling County and the contiguous counties Dabang Baishuihe River on the River tributaries on. Guiyang from traveling to Huangguoshu, about a half-hour or so. Huangguoshu Waterfall have to, you see, this is already the world famous China’s largest waterfall. Huangguoshu Falls 68 meters high, with waterfalls, waterfalls, six meters high total of 74 meters, 81 meters wide, Floodwaters in the summer, If the Yellow River Falls reversing dumping, cliffs shook, the bottom Honglei, ten passage can also hear its roar; Due to the strong impact of water flow, damage the spray can diffuse more than a few hundred meters, so that the waterfall is located on the top of the left Tsaitsu and markets often damage the mist shrouded. Visitors that the "silver rain throwing Street." Small winter and spring water, waterfalls into it from March 5 lock-down pegged to the roof, far from view, a curtain of white floated down, triumphantly Sasa, If the middle of silk, if cents differentiates the breeze held, such as ladies Wun Sha .... For hundreds of years, the majestic appearance Huangguoshu waterfall has been for many writers and scholars have marveled. Guizhou Qing Dynasty famous calligrapher, "Summer Palace" is a misnomer that the amount of those Yan Yin-in "cottage look," wrote the couplet : "White as cotton, and not bow spent shells from casual. Hongxia decorated, Mr need woven days Generation " more vivid image summed up the Huangguoshu Waterfall magnificent scenery. Now, we come to a waterfall fell Department --- rhino Tam.

This takes into account the legend of gods and Tam rhinoceros named hidden underwater. Rhinoceros are no gods, no one has ever seen, but the mysterious and remote lake, there is still, no one stood Here, the chapter will train together. If sunny 10:00 or 16:00 or so, as the sunlight refraction, You can also blow through the waterfall being spun off by the rain and fog, to see which rises from the pit of seven-color rainbow, so that you Fireweed majestic appearance of Earth, Li Zhao Yan days flu. Why has this waterfall named Huangguoshu waterfall, and not what other other waterfall? According to folklore, is a tree in the edge of a waterfall tall Ficus virens, according to the local accent, "Electric" and "fruit" pronunciation, and I used to call on people to Huangguoshu, which is a statement. There is also the view that a long time ago legend waterfall nearby farmers like yellow fruit species, the edge of a waterfall has a large yellow orchards, so they made the Huangguoshu waterfall as a waterfall. And the rest of the world famous Great Falls, the Huangguoshu Falls Although no African Victoria Falls, Niagara Falls, North America, Venezuela Angel Falls is so wide, and highly ambitious, but Huangguoshu Falls has its peculiar, it is the world’s most karst areas at the Falls, is the most spectacular waterfall. The Falls is like a strange magnetic stones, in its ground and underground water, Water also adsorption eyes with a series of voice in the landscape. One of the most magical one is hidden in a waterfall gully holes in the cliff Gallery, as Wisteria cling hole, water pegged Fly, known as "Seorak." This is the world’s other great waterfall not a peculiar landscape. Ladies and gentlemen, "Seorak" has come and the Seorak length of 134 meters, which consists of six holes window 3 units hole vents and six channel formed. According to Chinese legend arranged large television drama "Journey to the West" Seorak a drama, is here filming. This is the first window hole, it’s the lowest position, the pool from the rhino-only 40 meters, but the hole is the most generous windows, 10 meters wide, In the first place, the middle two waterfalls, a river even when 2% of the Water Curtain Falls, the hole will seal all windows; Water was fourth hour began, from a few meters to 10 meters range, Min, as can be arbitrarily CDCC the curtains. This is the second hole window, it is from the window of the first hole only about 4 meters. This is a quiet world, known as the Crystal Palace. It is the heart of Seorak, is 11 meters long, nine meters high and three meters wide. A roadside springs, the clear, bright and clean water in a year round water level. Top of many hanging stalactite, the straw stalactite-like there are precious stone curl. Also on the wall hung countless Shiman, stone screens. This is the third hole window, it highlights the field, much like a balcony. This window is a hole-meter, 3-meter-long, the outside perimeter guard, visitors can stand behind the guardrail hand touch Falls, People here so called "touch waterfall Chinese Taiwan." Ladies and gentlemen, we now visit the landscape is rhino Tam Valley landscape. Look, from the waist down rhino is a one contiguous or water, followed by rhino Lake, the three Beach, Horseshoe Beach, Fish oil wells, and so on. In this series in the lake, of course, is headed by Tan rhinoceros, it was 17.7 meters deep, often splash beads coverage, in the fog Chu drowned. As long as the sun, a waterfall splashes beads often hung colorful rainbow, with people moving and unpredictable. Huangguoshu Waterfall Why so? This is because the Huangguoshu Waterfall located in the Karst region, the flow is caused by erosion. Traceability erosion crack when they arrived at upper reaches of the river erosion along the karst fracture, corrosion, erosion, abrasion, and gradually expand the pipeline, formation of holes and not charged underground river; Form into local river water after the water sink in Liuzitian ratio gradually increased, created the unique karst region capture, in-flow into water sink in Liuzitian, on the formation of water sink in Liuzitian-waterfall.

With water erosion and collapse strategy has steadily increased, more and more underground river cave, So along the surface wadis clustered development of the shaft and skylights, which have continued to expand, merging, Collapse, causing the present magnificent Huangguoshu Falls and Falls downstream deeply dangerous gorge. I hope you raise your camera and shoot Huangguoshu Waterfall, stay in your memory, publicity to more people, because China is the Huangguoshu Waterfall and also belongs to the world.

湖南南岳大庙英文导游词

Good morning! Ladies and gentlemen:

Today we will go and visit the Nanyue Temple, Nanyue Temple is situated on the northern tip of Nanyue Township and at the southern foot of Chidi Peak. In a layout of nine rows, It is the largest and best-preserved ancient palatial architectural complex of south China. Magnificent and splendid with resplendent upturned eaves. Inside the east in parallel to eight Buddhist palaces on the west, It is indeed a wonder in the history of religion that Taoism. Buddhism and Confucian culture can co-exist within a single temple.

The exact time of the construction of Nanyue Temple is unknown. It existed asearly as in the Qin and Han Dynastis. Originally Located on the summit of Zhurong Peak, The temple was later moved to the mountain foot to facilitate the religious activities. The beginning of the Tang Dynasty witnessed the formal construction of the Heavenly Lord Huo"s Temple" the "Heavenly Master Temple". So as to enshrine and worship the Gods of the five sacred mountains, During the Song Dynasty the immortal of the Hengshan Mountain was revered as the "Heavenly Master Zhaosheng",as a result the temple was gradually expanded and enlarged. Since the Tang Dynasty Nanyue Temple had beed subject to six fires and 16reconstructions all through the Song. Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties. In the 8th year of Emperor Guangxu"s reign in the Qing Dynasty (1882 A.D), the Imperial Court ordered the rbuilding of Nanyue Temple. Which had been ruined by lightning, The project was imitative. Copying the styles of the Imperial Palace. And even to the present day it is still well preserved.

Fenced with red-brick walls.Nanyue Temple ccupies an area of some 70.000 square metres. From north to south lies in sequence nine rows and four courtyards-Lingxing Gate. Kuixing Tower. Chuan Gate. Pavilion of Imperial Study, Main Hall, Dwelling Palace and the Northern Rear Exit. The whole architecture complex stretches across on axis extending from south to north with its halls linked up together. The winding corridors and wing-rooms on both sides merge with each other. Accentuating the magnificence of the stature of the principal part. On the east side of the main temple there are eight Taoist palaces. Coordinating with eight Buddhist palaces on the west side.

The first row is Lingxing Gate. Two gilded Chinese characters "Mountain Temple" are shining on the white marble at the top of the gate. The marble gate stands as high as 20 metres with a width of 1.1 metres and is meant to imply that during the past dynasties all the religious activities were officiated by real knowledgeable people. The second row is kuixing Tower. The most perfectly preserved ancient stage in Human Province.with a breadth of 35metres and a length of 12. Its fa?ade facing the main palace, the stage is the place where people hold religious activities and perform local operas during pilgrimage. Before the tower stands a pair of 2-metre tall stone Kylin (Chinese unicorn). With their furious eyes widely open. They are like two solemn looking sentinels guarding the tower.

The pebble path under the Kuixing Tower leads to the third row-Main Chuan Gate. East and West Gates. The gateway is made of gray bricks with an awesome depth and height of 15 metres. The courtyard within is filled with dense cypress trees and carpeted with green grass. The fourth row is the Pavilion of Imperial Study. Distinguished by its gilded tiles. Octagonal doubleeaved roofs and exquisitely-crafted arches. Inside the pavilion there is a Bixi in the shape of a legendary animal like tortoise. Legend has it that Bixi is the ninth son of the dragon. The Bixi carries an imperial stele on which the full text of On Rebuilding Nanyue Temple was carved in the 47th year of Kangxi"s reign(1780 A.D.) in the Qing dynasty.

The fifth row is Jiaying Gate. Named after the line from The Annals of Han-Books of Rites and Joys: "This row is the place where local magistrates and monks welcomed ritual officials dispatched from the capital. After the Jiaying Gate the sixth row comes into view-Tower of Imperial Study. Which is the storehouse of the collection of imperial calligraphies .messages and inscribed boards concerning the past emperors" ritual presentations to the mountain. Sweeet osmanthus ahead of the tower submerges the building with its refreshing scent when it blossoms every autumn.

The seventh row is the Main Palace. Surrounded by towering old trees. Camphor trees planted in the Song Dynasty and cypress in the Ming Dynasty compete with each other in setting off the beauty of the upturned double-roofs and the splendour of the palace. Adding tremendous awe to the Main Palac. As it stands 29.11 metres, its girandeur rivals that of the Palace of supreme Harmony in the Forbidden City in Beijing. Inside the palace there are 72 stone pilliars, standing for the 72 peaks on the Hengshan Mountain. The two huge pillars upholding the main roofs were cut out of a whole granite. Each weighing 14 tons.

Encircled by the balustrades are 144 relief sculptures carved out of white marbles. Based on Shanhai Jing . Pillars on the forefront overlap. Carved on them are 56 historical and legendary thles . On the square door were carved the Images. On the square door were carved the Images of the 24 filial Sons and the Images of the 18 Scholars. Here tourists can get a rough idea of the age-old Chinese Confucian and Taoist cultures. Clay statues-Heavenly King Zhaosheng and General Jin and Wu line up in the palace with their impressively dignified look, calling forth in tourists a feeling of profound respect.

The eighth row is the dwelling Palacewith double roofs and in perfect harmony with the whole mountain. This structure keeps up the architectural style of the Song Dynasty and is decorated with coloured drawings and patterns whichare popular among palaces in the North. giving a sense of gorgeousness to this palace. The ninth row is the Northern Rear Exit. The end of the axial architecture, with Zhusheng Palace to the right and Chief God Palace to the left, At the back of the exit. A path leads farther into the mountain.

Nanyue Temple occupies a prominent position in the history of ancient Chinese architecture. It carries the grandeur characterized by palaces in the North. And at the same time it smacks of the loveliness featured by gardens in the South. The architectural arrangement of the temple is clearly demarcated and gently modulated. Strongly indicating the ingenuity and originality of the craftsmen. Its ground and upper layouts are like an eternal musical movement with its own overture, main body and coda. Demonstrating the excellence of ancient Chinese architecture.

Nanyue Temple carries a profound cultural connotation. It boasts a large number of clay statues. Wood engravings and stone carvings, which are all closely linked up with Chinese tradition and culture. Over 800 dragons of various sizes, which are the symbol of the Chinese nation.can be found everwhere in the temple. The carvings on the roof wood and white marble balustrades are an encyclopedia of ancient history and mythology. There are fairy tales- "Pan Gu Creating the Universe." "Hou Yi Shooting the Suns", "Jing Wei Filling up the Ocean"¡-; real stories about some historical figures- "Su Wu Shepherding Sheep." "sleeping on sticks and Tasting the Gallbladder." "Da MO Crossing the Sea"¡- ; legends extolling filial piety- "Melting the Ice with Body Warmth to Catch Carps." "Weeping on the Bamboo until it Turns into shoots"¡- Most of the carvings are the lgends about the earliest ancestors of Taoist immortals. As early as in the Qing and Ming Dynasties, clay status, wood engraving and stone carving were reputed as "the Three Wonders to the South of the Yangtze River."

All through the dynasties Nanyue Temple has been a thriving place to hold religious activities both for the feudal imperial courts and the ordinary people. Every year the temple greets nearly 1.000.000 pilgrims. The offerings, presentation, titles and other customs are almost the same as they were thousands years ago. There are "bowing pilgrimage" in which the pilgrims bow with each step or with every three steps , and "hunger pilgrimage" in which the pilgrims bow with each step or with every three steps. "And hunger pilgrimage" in which the pilgrims refrain from food during their trip. More often. Pilgrims would set off in throngs. They wear gray clothes with a red cloth attached to their chest reading "Hengshan Mountain Pilgrimage." Holding buring incenses in hand. Those pious pilgrims chant pilgriming theme" to pray for the peace of the nation and the wealth of people, making it a really spectacular scene on the mountain.

湖南韶山英文导游词

Good morning! Ladies and Gentlemen:

Today, we will go and visit Shaoshan, the hometown of Chairman Mao. Shaoshan is a small mountain village about 100km southwest of Changsha, the capital of Hunan province, with some fairly beautiful scenery and a once typically Hunan village atmosphere, Shaoshan has been irreparably changed by history. On the 26th December 1893, a baby was born in a little house in this village, to a relatively wealthy peasant couple. The child was to grow up to become China"s Great Helmsman, Chairman Mao Zedong, and it was in this region that he spent his childhood and youth, attending school and helping his father with his work.

As the hometown of the great man of the generation, now Shaoshan is one of the important tourist zones in Hunan province. The major tourist sites including the Former residence of Chairman Mao, Memorial Hall of Mao Zedong, Water-dripping Cave and Steles Forest of Mao"s Poems，and so on.

The former residence of Chairman Mao is the most interesting site. Entered through a courtyard, the house is of a sunny yellow, mud brick walls, with a nicely thatched roof, and is found on a wooded hillside, above some lush paddy fields. There are 13 and one half rooms in the Former residence, which include one and half central room, a kitchen, a dining room, three family bedrooms and a guest room. Within the rooms are various personal effects of Mao and his parents, as well as photos from Mao"s life.

This is the central room, it was used by two families: Mao’s family and their neighbor. So we said that there is only one half of the central room belongs to Mao’s family. And this is there kitchen, where Chairman Mao often helped his mother doing some housework in his childhood. Go through the kitchen was Chairman Mao’s parent"s bedroom, there are two photos of Chairman Mao’s parents on the inner wall, and it was in this room where Chairman Mao was born.

The Dripping Water Cave, about 3 km northwest of the village, is a very popular destination, possibly because of the fact that Mao allegedly spent 11 days here in the early days of the Cultural Revolution Years (1966-76), contemplating the unknown.

亲爱的游客朋友：

今日，由我带领大家来游览故宫。

故宫位于北京市中心，是明、清两代的皇宫，又称紫禁城。故宫始建于明永乐四年至十八年，也就是此刻说的1406年至1420年。北京故宫为世界五大宫殿之首，其它四殿分别是法国凡尔赛宫、英国白金汉宫、俄罗斯克里姆林宫和美国白宫。故宫南北长961米，东西宽753米，面积约为725，000平方米。建筑面积15。5万平方米。故宫够大吧!

相传故宫有9999。5间房，有人做过形象比喻：如果有人从刚出生就开始住，要住到27岁才能够住完。实际据1973专家现场测量故宫的房间有8704间。

故宫有四个门，正门名为午门。午门有五个洞。其平面为凹形，宏伟壮丽。午门后有五座精巧的汉白玉拱桥通往太和门。东门名东华门，西门名西华门，北门名神武门。故宫的四个城角都有精巧玲珑的角楼，角楼高27。5米，十字屋脊，三重檐迭出，四面亮山，多角交错，是结构奇丽的建筑。

后门“神武门”，明朝时为“玄武门”，玄武为古代四神兽之一，从方位上讲，左青龙，右白虎，前朱雀，后玄武，玄武主北方，所以帝王宫殿的北宫门多取名“玄武”。清康熙年间因避讳改称“神武门”。神武门也是一座城门楼形式，用的最高等级的重檐庑殿式屋顶，但它的大殿仅有五开间加围廊，没有左右向前伸展的两翼，所以在形制上要比午门低一个等级。神武门是宫内日常出入的门禁。现神武门为故宫博物院正门。

东华门与西华门遥相对应，门外设有下马碑石，门内金水河南北流向，上架石桥1座，桥北为三座门。东华门与西华门形制相同，平面矩形，红色城台，白玉须弥座，当中辟3座券门，券洞外方内圆。城台上建有城楼，黄琉璃瓦重檐庑殿顶，城楼面阔5间，进深3间，四周出廊。

前三殿是全宫最大的建筑群，占地面积有达8。5万平方米，是宫城的12%，后三供则为前三殿的25%，期于宫殿依次递减，主要突出前三殿、后三宫的主要地位。1961年定位中国第一批全国重点文物保护单位。

好了，大家能够自由活动了，游玩时注意安全，注意坚持景点卫生，祝大家玩得愉快。

Hello, everyone. Welcome to the Yellow Crane Tower, the most characteristictower in Wuhan. Im the tour guide this time. Have a good time.

The Yellow Crane Tower was built in 223 A.D. in the second year of WuHuangwu. It has a history of more than 1700 years. It has been built anddestroyed many times. The present yellow crane tower is based on the YellowCrane Tower of Qing Dynasty. It was rebuilt in 1981 and completed in 1985. It isexactly 100 years since the last Yellow Crane Tower was destroyed in the QingDynasty.

Now you can see that the tall and majestic building in front of you is theYellow Crane Tower. It can be called the worlds peerless scenery, and it isfamous both in ancient and modern times and at home and abroad. It is as famousas Tengwang Pavilion in Jiangxi Province and Yueyang Pavilion in Hunan Province,and is also known as "three pavilions in the south of the Yangtze River". Therewas an interesting story about the magnificence of the Yellow Crane Tower. Itwas said that the guests from Hubei and Sichuan met on the river and praisedtheir hometown. The guests from Sichuan said, "there is an Emei Mountain inSichuan, only three feet away from the sky." Hubei guests smile: "Hubei yellowcrane tower, half inserted in the cloud." The guests in Sichuan were speechless.Of course, this story is a bit exaggerated, but the Yellow Crane Tower is reallya magnificent landscape, a moving legend and a look inside the crane tower.

After all that, lets go inside and have a look. Entering the hall, themost attractive one is the picture of white clouds and yellow cranes. It isbased on the ancient myth of riding a crane to become an immortal. It also takesthe meaning of the Tang poem "once upon a time, people had gone by the YellowCrane". Please look at the immortal in the picture. He plays a jade flute andlooks down on the world. It seems that he is reluctant to give up. The crowdbelow the Yellow Crane Tower chants wine and poems, or sings and dances, whichmeans that they wish the immortal an early return. In the picture, there aremany plum blossoms under the Yellow Crane Tower. The plum blossom is the flowerof Wuhan city. The author takes this opportunity to study the geographicallocation of the Yellow Crane Tower.

Thats all for todays browsing. You are welcome to come again nexttime.

Henan, located in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River incentral and eastern China, is called Henan because most of the area is locatedin the south of the Yellow River. In ancient times, in the middle and lowerreaches of the Yellow River, there were many rivers, dense forests and wildelephants. Henan was vividly described as the place where people led elephants.This is the origin of the pictograph "Yu" and the origin of Henan abbreviated as"Yu". Yugong, the book of history, divides the world into nine states. Yuzhou isone of the nine states in the world, so it is called central plains andZhongzhou.

famous scenery

There are three world cultural heritages in Henan: Longmen Grottoes, YinRuins and historical buildings in heaven and earth. There are 8 National 5Atourist attractions, including Shaolin Temple, Longmen Grottoes, Yuntai Mountainqingtianhe Shennong mountain, Qingming Shanghe garden, Yinxu, Baiyun Mountain,Yaoshan mountain Zhongyuan Buddha, Laojun Mountain Jiguan cave. There are fourworld geoparks: Songshan Mountain, Yuntai Mountain, Wangwu mountain Daimeimountain and Funiu Mountain. 15 national key scenic spots: Songshan Mountain,Luoyang Longmen Mountain, Jigong Mountain, Wangwu mountain, Yuntai Mountain,Yaoshan mountain, Linwu mountain, qingtianhe River, Shennong mountain, Tongbaimountain Huaiyuan, Zhengzhou Yellow River scenic spot.

Best travel time

Henan has a warm temperate subtropical and humid semi humid monsoonclimate. Generally, it is characterized by cold winter, less rain and snow,drought in spring, more sandstorm, hot summer, abundant rain and sufficientsunshine in autumn. The best time to travel is autumn.

regional distribution

Henan Province governs 18 provincial cities, including 17 prefecture levelcities, 1 city directly under the provincial government, 50 municipal districts,20 county-level cities and 88 counties.

History and culture

Henan, known as the Central Plains in ancient times, is the birthplace ofChinese civilization and the Chinese nation. It is the core area of Chinesehistory before Yuan Dynasty. Luoyang (the ancient capital of fifteen dynasties),Kaifeng (the ancient capital of seven dynasties), Shangqiu (the ancient capitalof Six Dynasties), Zhengzhou (the ancient capital of Five Dynasties) and Anyang(the ancient capital of two dynasties) are all famous ancient capitals forthousands of years. The Xia Dynasty successively established its capital nearXiayi (now Shangqiu), Erlitou (now Luoyang) and Yangcheng (now Zhengzhou). TheShang Dynasty established its capital in Bo (todays Shangqiu) and later movedto "Yin" (todays Anyang). During the 4000 years from Xia to Jin, there weremore than 10 dynasties, and more than 200 emperors established or moved theircapitals in Henan for more than 3200 years. During the period of civil strife inChina, Henan was the place where the heroes "fought for the Central Plains". Thename of "China" came from the country whose center was located in the CentralPlains.

各位游客大家好，

我们此次游览的景点是世界文化遗产、国家4A级景区、国家重点文物保护单位——沈阳故宫。首先呢，我们一齐来看一下沈阳故宫的平面图。

沈阳故宫始建于公元1620xx年。先后经过三次大规模建设，构成了东、中、西三路格局。东路建立于清太祖努尔哈赤时期，主要建筑是大政殿和十王庭;中路建于清太宗皇太极时期，主要的建筑是大清门、崇政殿、凤凰楼、清宁宫;西路呢，建于清乾隆年间，主要建筑是戏台、嘉荫堂、文溯阁和仰熙斋，它因存放《四库全书》而闻名。那么作为我国现存最完好的两座古代帝王宫殿之一呢，沈阳故宫与北京故宫遥相呼应，却又有着截然不一样的建筑风格。此刻呢我们就来领略一下昔日皇宫的风采。

首先我们看到的是中路建筑的大清门，它俗称午门，也就是沈阳故宫的正门。是当时文武群臣候朝的地方，也是清太宗皇太极理解群臣谢恩之处。那么这座门为什么叫做大清门呢?正统的说法是清朝的国号为清，皇宫的正门就是国门，所以称为大清门。还有一个传说，这座木门呢在建成之后呢并没有名称，只是叫做大门。之后，皇太极改国号为大清，听说北京明朝皇宫的宫门叫大明门，于是为了体现针锋相对，就将此门命名为大清门。

我们穿过大清门，此刻正面的建筑就是崇政殿。崇政殿原名“正殿”，俗称金銮殿。崇德元年定名为崇政殿。它是皇太极日常处理军政要务、接见外国使臣和边疆少数民族代表的地方。

我们能够看到崇政殿为五间九檩硬山式建筑，殿顶铺黄琉璃瓦，镶绿剪边，那么请各位游客注意的是殿顶的琉璃瓦，有去过北京故宫的朋友必须会清楚地记得北京故宫的琉璃瓦是黄色的，而沈阳的琉璃瓦是黄色镶绿剪边。那么这是沈阳故宫与北京故宫的重要差别之一。

我们走上月台。那么在月台两侧分别有用于计时的日晷，和用于存放标准计量单位的嘉量亭。我们看到在月台上呢还设有四口大缸，那么大家明白它们是做什么用的吗?那我告诉大家吧，他叫做“吉祥缸”古代称它是“门海”，是皇宫中重要的防火设施，象征缸中水多似海，能够镇火灾。

我们走上须弥座。抬头看上方的牌匾是用满文和汉文书写的“崇政殿”。请游客看左边的满文，我们有个形象的比喻“中间一根棍，两边都是刺，加上圈和点，就是满文字儿”。那么沈阳故宫的牌匾都是满文在左，汉文在右。而北京故宫的牌匾都是汉文在左，满文在右。那么这是沈阳故宫与北京故宫的差别之二。

我们抬头看崇政殿内上方悬挂的“正大光明”匾额，是由顺治皇帝手谕的。下方呢是皇帝的宝座，据说宝座上绘制雕刻有8条金龙，再加上坐在宝座上的真龙天子，正好是中国古代最大的阳数九条龙。此刻崇政殿呢，我们就游览到那里。

眼前的雄伟建筑呢，就是凤凰楼。它建在3。8米高的青砖台基上，为三层歇山式建筑。它原名翔凤楼，是皇太极休息、宴会和读书之所。我们看到正门上方悬挂的“紫气东来”横匾呢，是由乾隆皇帝手谕的。意思是大清朝国运强盛的福气是从东方的盛京传来的。那么凤凰楼不仅仅是当时后宫的正门，又是当时盛京城的最高建筑，所以有“凤楼晓日”之称，并被列为盛京八景之一。传说呀当年站在凤凰楼上就能够看到抚顺城呢。

穿过凤凰楼呢我们来到了一处院落，此处呢就是皇太极的后宫所在。我们正面的是皇太极的中宫“清宁宫”。它原名正宫，是沈阳故宫中最具满族住宅特色的建筑。我们能够看到它的门呢开在靠东的一侧。形如口袋，所以称为“口袋房”。东一间呢是皇太极和孝端文皇后博尔济吉特氏的寝宫，又称暖阁。寝宫分为南北两室，各有火炕又称龙床。1643年，皇太极就在那里‘端坐无疾而终’，终年52岁，后葬于昭陵。那么在东侧第二间的窗下呢，设有两口大锅，它是用来干什么的呢?我来解释一下，这两口锅是用来祭祀的。满族人信奉萨满教。人们将热酒灌进猪的耳朵，如果猪耳朵有晃动即表示神灵已经接收该祭品。如果不动，则表示神灵不满意，则本次祭祀活动不能在进行下去了。那么猪由于受到刺激就会摇头，满族人认为此时的猪已经通神，成为连接天地的媒介。于是呢就将猪宰杀后洗干净，切成大块，放入北侧的两口大锅里清水煮熟，那煮熟的肉呢就饿放入木槽中供奉给神灵享用，然后再分给参加祭祀的人们，称为“吃福肉”，满族人相信吃了福肉，福气就会降临到每个人的身上。

那么我们此刻来到西一侧的房间，西侧呢三间通连，北、西、南三面搭成相连的环炕，称为“万字炕”，那里既是皇帝举行内宫便宴之处，也是满族巫人萨满为皇帝和国家祈神的地方。

清宁宫与汉族建筑不一样的地方还在于它的烟囱建在屋后，而且是从地面向上垒起的。一会我们在绕道后面看这个烟囱。清宁宫的这种“口袋房，万字炕，烟囱建在地面上”的建筑特点具有满族特有的民族风格。

我们出了清宁宫呢，大家看到的这其他四座寝宫分别是：关雎宫、麟趾宫、衍庆宫、永福宫。我们下方逐一参观。

关雎宫是皇太极一生中最宠爱的宸妃——海兰珠的寝宫。海兰珠是中宫皇后的亲侄女，永福宫庄妃的亲姐姐。海兰珠嫁皇太极时已经26岁，但皇太极却对海兰珠有着很深的感情。海兰珠由于亲生的八皇子早逝，终日郁郁寡欢，在崇德六年病逝。在他死后两年，皇太极也去世了，据说皇太极的早逝与两年前宸妃的病逝有着密切的关系。

这是衍庆宫，是皇太极淑妃的寝宫，其女，被皇太极嫁给多尔衮为妻

这是麟趾宫，是皇太极贵妃娜木钟的寝宫，其子博果尔曾在皇太极死后成为福临皇位的最大竞争者。后成为朝中重臣。

我们最之后看看皇太极后妃中地位最低的永福宫。永福宫是庄妃博尔济吉特氏的宫室。若论及对清政权的影响，庄妃的作用远远超过了其她四位后妃，被后人评价为清朝历史上最有作为的后妃。庄妃也是中宫皇后的亲侄女，关雎宫海兰珠的亲妹妹。庄妃以其卓越的政治才能，辅佐了三位皇帝成就大清的基业。康熙二十六年，庄妃病逝，享年75岁。成为清朝后宫中寿禄最长的女人。

大家看，在庭院的西南角立着的红色木杆称为索伦杆，木杆顶端有锡斗。满族人称它为“神杆”。它是用来喂养乌鸦的。那么游客们是不是会疑问，为什么满族要祭祀乌鸦呢?其实这于一个关于乌鸦的传说有关。满族的先祖有一次在被仇家追杀时，曾绝望的躺在地上，这时恰巧一群乌鸦落在他的身上。仇家经过此地，认为乌鸦是不会在有活人的地方停留的，就这样满族的祖先得救了。之后满族人为报答乌鸦救祖先一命的恩德，开始供奉乌鸦，祭祀的时候把猪的内脏放到锡斗里来供养乌鸦。

此刻呢，我们看到的就是在清宁宫后的这根烟囱，也是当年沈阳城内唯一的一根烟囱。寓意“一统江山”。大家数一下烟囱有多少层?……对一共有十一层，我告诉大家在十一层上方还有三块砖。那么这怎样讲哪?问大家一个小问题：清朝有多少位皇帝，又有多少位是寿终正寝的?……对清朝一共有12为皇帝。其中11位寿终正寝。末代皇帝溥仪只做了三年的皇帝。正好和这十一层零三块砖“一统江山”吻合。

好了，朋友们沈阳故宫我就为大家介绍到那里，期望我的讲解能给大家留下深刻的印象。此刻大家能够自由活动30分钟，30分钟之后，我们在正门集合。

各位游客朋友，今天我们要去游览的是恭王府。恭王府位于北京市西城区前海西街，是清代规模最大的一座王府，先后作为大贪官和珅、庆亲王永璘的宅邸，后被赐予恭亲王奕诉，由此得名恭王府，并沿用至今。恭王府历经了清王朝由鼎盛至衰亡的历史进程，故有“一座恭王府，半部清代史”的说法。“月牙河绕宅如龙蟠，西山远望如虎踞”，这是史书上对恭王府的描述。就其选址而言，它占据京城绝佳的位置。古人修宅建园很注重风水，北京据说有两条龙脉，一是土龙，即故宫的龙脉;二是水龙，指后海和北海一线，而恭王府正好在后海和北海之间的连接线上，即龙脉上，因此风水非常好。古人以水为财，在恭王府内“处处见水”，最大的湖心亭的水，是从玉泉湖引进来的，而且只内人不外流，因此更符合风水学敛财的说法。王府正殿，俗称“银安殿”，是王府内举行重要礼节性活动的场所，在殿内中心位置摆放一组屏风和亲王的宝座，与故宫的金銮殿相对应。银安殿是按照当时严格的清廷建筑规制、王府建筑中的最高规格屋顶歇山顶修复而成的。屋顶覆盖绿色琉璃筒瓦、屋脊上绿色琉璃吻兽，配殿屋顶为灰筒瓦，那是明示亲王的地位。20xx年，恭王府景区被评为国家AAAAA级旅游景区。

各位游客朋友，请看这是多福轩，俗称“藤萝院”，是王府的穿堂客厅，主要用于主人日常接待来客、亲友或前来回禀公事的下属，兼用作存放皇帝送来的礼物。“多福轩”匾为咸丰皇帝所题，意为幸福很多的殿堂。殿内正中悬挂“同德延禧”匾额，意在告诫主人：你与皇帝同德才能延禧(禧：吉祥如意、福寿绵长)。

各位朋友请看，这里是东路建筑中最大的一处，也是最后一进院落，正房名“乐道堂”。室内梁上至今保存了200多年前清中期包褓锦地彩画和凤凰主题彩画，表明和珅时期这里曾是公主的居所，到了恭亲王时期这里是王爷的居室，现在室内按恭亲王居住时的原样陈列。“乐道堂”的匾额是道光帝亲笔所书赐给奕圻的，“安身乐道”表达了一位父亲希望儿子顺心如意、幸福吉祥的美好心愿。各位请看，这是嘉乐堂，是和珅当年的堂号。“嘉乐堂”匾相传是乾隆赐给和珅的，恭亲王时期改为“神殿”，即王府举行萨满教祭祀活动的地方。

各位游客朋友，府邸西路的四合院较中、东路更为精致，主体建筑为德光室和锡晋斋，此路建筑初为和珅的住所。“葆光室”在和珅和庆王时期据推测应为客厅之类，在恭亲王时期，是一处比多福轩更为私密的客厅，能来这里的应该都是王爷的至亲好友。各位朋友请看，我们身后这栋青灰色建筑，叫后罩楼，它是恭王府中的第一绝，所谓“绝”是指其长度为各清代王府建筑规制中后罩楼之最，且楼的后沿墙上层有形状各异的砖雕什锦窗44扇。此楼为两层，每层45间，两层共计90间，拐角处有10多间未计在内，全长150多米，是国内王府类建筑最长的楼，被形容为“九十九间半”。

各位游客朋友，我们眼前的恭王府花园正门就是第二绝，造型采用舒展流畅的西洋风格，真不愧是建筑中的精品。它仿圆明园的大法海圆门制，由于圆明园已在1860年时被英法联军烧毁，所以这道门是流传至今保存最完好的汉白玉石拱门，因为两边的转花纹和花窗很有西洋建筑的味道，所以叫西洋门，是花园的第二位主人一恭亲王奕沂时期建的，恭亲王是洋务运动的倡导者之一，他希望通过学习西方国家先进技术来拯救清王朝。

各位游客朋友，现在我们看到的这座大戏楼是恭王府的第三绝，它是我国现存独一无二的全封闭式大戏楼。在清廷档案中，戏楼均称为“大戏房”。恭王府大戏楼，建于同治年间，是恭亲王及其亲友看戏的场所，建筑面积685平方米，可容纳200多人，高大宏伟，气势不凡。其建筑形式有三大特点：一是采用三卷勾连搭全封闭式结构，整个大戏楼是纯木结构，利用木质榫卯技术(抗震)。由于南北方气候的差异，纯木结构的建筑在北方历经一百余年至今保存完好是非常少见的。由于建筑结构的合理，使大楼具备良好的音响效果。楼内不装扩音设备，完全凭借演员的本色发音，音色纯正自然。二是大戏楼上上下下绘满了倒垂的藤萝，因为紫藤开的花一串一串的，象征子孙兴旺的意思。坐在戏楼里看戏，就像坐在紫藤下看戏，四季如春，以此验证了我们一进西洋门所看到的四个字“秀悒恒春”，永远像春天一样的美丽。三是大戏楼地面全部采用京砖漫地(后经修复过)。

今天我们游览的是沈阳故宫。大家都知道沈阳是“一朝的发祥地，两代帝王都”满韵清风，历史气息浓郁。沈阳著名的建筑有“一宫两陵”而这一宫就是我们面前的这座雄伟建筑——沈阳故宫。

沈阳故宫初建时叫“盛京宫阙”，清迁都北京后又称“陪都宫殿”、“留都宫殿”，并被誉为“国初圣迹”。它始建于1620xx年(后金天命十年)建成于1636年(清崇德元年)，是清太祖努尔哈赤和清太宗皇太极营造和使用的宫殿，1643年清世祖福临当年也是在这里即位称帝，改元“顺治”。所以沈阳也可以说是“一朝发祥地，三代帝王都”。

沈阳故宫占地面积6万多平方米，全部建筑100余所，500多间，按其布局可分为东路、中路和西路三部分。东路就是我们面前所看到的这部分建筑，它是努尔哈赤时期所建，具有浓郁的满族特色。东路的建筑主要包括大政殿和十王亭，大家看到广场中间的那个八角殿就是大政殿，大政殿又叫“大衙门”、“笃恭殿”，是努尔哈赤听政办公的地方。大政殿外高18米，下有1.5米高须弥座式台基，周围绕以雕刻精美的青石围栏。是一座八角重檐攒尖顶亭子式建筑，殿顶是黄琉璃瓦镶绿剪边，正中为宝瓶火焰珠攒尖顶，(宝瓶为佛教法器，被视为神圣之物，火焰珠为如意珠，据说得此珠者可以满足各种欲望。)重檐上下各有八条五彩琉璃垂脊，垂脊上各站着一个蒙古力士，面侧对宝顶，腿略弯曲，侧身牵引，象征着“八方归一”。两旁分列的10个亭子就是十王亭，从整体建筑布局上看，大正殿居中。两旁分列10个亭子，从北向南，呈八字形展开，在视觉上使大正殿更为深远，这种空间处理方式在中国宫殿建筑中仅此一例。十王亭又称“八旗亭”，有的游客可能会想八旗亭(东边为左翼王亭、镶黄旗亭、正白旗亭、镶白旗亭、正蓝旗亭。西边为右翼王婷、正黄旗亭、正红旗亭、镶红旗亭、镶蓝旗亭)该有八个亭子，那另外两个是什么亭子呢?在临近大正殿的左右两端的亭子分别是左翼王亭和右翼王亭，是左右两翼王爷办公的地方，八旗亭是八旗旗主办公的地方。这种把汗王听证的大殿与八旗王公大臣候朝议事的亭子建在一起的格局，正是努尔哈赤崛起之初实行军政合一的八旗制度所决定的。反映了努尔哈赤晚年一汗独尊，八和硕贝勒共治国政的历史风貌。

大家往西走来到的就是沈阳故宫的中路，中路的建筑主要是皇太极时期所建，在这里上演了很多的历史故事。沈阳故宫中路建筑自成体系，共有三进院落。由南向北依次是大清门、崇政殿、凤凰楼、清宁宫，他们都排列在一条中轴线上，两侧还有一些对称式的附属建筑。

大清门就是沈阳故宫的正门，俗称午门，我们刚刚就是从那进到故宫里面的，(大清门为五间硬山式建筑)，在当时大清门是不可以像现在一样随便进出的。大清门不仅是当时文武群臣候朝的地方。也是皇太极接受群臣谢恩之处。当年，明朝著名将领洪承畴、祖大寿等降清后，就是跪在大清门前谢罪请降，候旨传召，受到皇太极的接见的。而当官员升迁或是获罪恩免时也都要在这里遥向北门“崇政殿”叩谢天恩。

大家看我们面前的这座庄严的大殿就是崇政殿，崇政殿原名“正殿”，俗称“金銮殿”，是皇太极日常处理军政要务、接见外国使臣和边疆少数民族代表的地方。崇政殿为五间九凛硬山式建筑，最引人注目的地方是殿顶的黄琉璃瓦绿剪边，墀头、搏风、鸱吻、山顶、殿脊的五彩琉璃构件，以及浮雕的各色行龙和奇花瑞兽，使得整个大殿更显高贵、肃穆，非常壮观。崇政殿另一个匠心之处就是前后的2根外檐柱上端的抱头梁部位做成龙形，龙首从柱头探出，龙身则穿过廊间直通殿内，两两相对，姿态生动，仿佛群龙从大殿飞腾而出，具有结构和装饰双重功能，设计的十分巧妙。

绕过崇政殿我们看到的这座高大建筑就是凤凰楼，凤凰楼的前庭处于“前朝后寝”的中间，是一个过渡性的院落，凤凰楼建在3.8米高的青砖台基上，台基共有24个台阶象征着24节气，每过24节气即过一年，皇帝每天都踩着这24节台基，寓意着大清的江山能历经千秋万代，凤凰楼是一座三层歇山式建筑，全高18.31米，原名叫“凤翔楼”，是皇太极休息、宴会和读书之所。1743年(乾隆八年)改成今名，凤凰楼正门上方悬挂的“紫气东来”金字横匾，是乾隆皇帝御笔，意思是大清朝国力强盛的福气是从东方的盛京来的，表达了清代帝王对祖先创业之地的顶礼膜拜。凤凰楼既是后宫的大门，又是当时盛京城的最高建筑，所以有“凤楼晓月”、“凤楼观塔”的传称，并被列为盛京八景之一。

穿过凤凰楼，我们现在所处的就是皇太极的后宫，是皇太极和后妃们的住所，后宫的整体建筑都高于前朝的宫殿，这种“宫高殿低”的特色反映了满族的则高而居的传统生活习惯。

对于后宫的特色建筑流行这样一句话：口袋房，万字炕，烟囱落在地面上。什么是口袋房呢?大家看我们面前的这座五间硬山前后廊式建筑就是清宁宫，大家看清宁宫一共有五间，而门并不是开在中间一间，而是设在东二间的南面，形如口袋。清宁宫原叫“正宫”，是沈阳故宫中最具满族住宅特色的建筑东一间是皇太极和孝端文皇后(博尔济吉特氏)的寝宫，(称暖阁)1643年(崇德八年)皇太极就端坐在南炕无疾而终。后葬于昭陵。万字炕又是怎么一回事呢?大家看清宁宫的西三间通连，北、西、南三面搭成相连的环炕，形如“万”字，所以人们就俗称为“万字炕”，那“烟囱落在地面上”又是怎么一回事呢?清宁宫的烟囱在清宁宫的后面，是从地面上垒起的，略低于房脊，一会我们可以绕过去看看。在当时是有这样一种禁令，所有百姓家的烟囱是不允许高过皇宫的烟囱的，寓意着大清王朝“一统天下”，

清宁宫两侧的东西配宫，(东配宫有关雎宫、衍庆宫，西配宫有麟趾宫和永福宫)是妃子们所居住的地方，其中最为著名的是庄妃居住的永福宫，因为1638年(崇德三年)清世祖福临就出生在永福宫。

(刚刚有游客问清宁宫庭院正门的南端的那根很高杆子是干什么的，那是索伦杆，满族人称它为“神杆”是满族人用来祭天的。祭天时在顶端的锡斗里放上五谷杂粮和猪的杂碎，已敬乌鸦，这反映了满族萨满教的灵禽崇拜观念，据说也和乌鸦救主的传说相关。)

接下来我们来到的是沈阳故宫西路，西路建筑是为了适应皇帝东巡的需求而增建的，建于乾隆年间，主要建筑有文溯阁，戏台、嘉荫堂和仰熙斋等，套院相接，多尔不乱，是文化气息较浓之处。

文溯阁建于1781年(乾隆46年)至1783年(乾隆48年)，为西路建筑中的主体建筑，是仿照明代浙江宁波的大藏书家范钦的“天一阁”修建的，专门收藏乾隆时期编撰的大型图书《四库全书》，也是全国存放《四库全书》的著名七阁之一，阁名是乾隆帝钦定的，因其位于祖宗的发祥地“盛京”，所以取之“溯源求本”之意命名“文溯阁”。(《四库全书》分经、史、子、集四大部分，结构严谨，是我国古代文献中的珍贵遗产，对于弘扬和传播民族文化具有重要意义。)《四库全书》共撰写七部，其中一部就藏在文溯阁，1966年10月，基于战备考虑，辽宁省将《四库全书》秘密运至兰州，后移交到甘肃省图书馆。

文溯阁是硬山式建筑，面阔6间，外面看是重檐2层，在里面看则是3层，带有明显的江南建筑风格样式。与沈阳故宫其他建筑不同，文溯阁顶盖上用的是黑琉璃瓦绿剪边，这在沈阳故宫建筑中是独一无二的。根据五行八卦之说，黑是代表水，书最忌火，以黑瓦为顶象征以水克火之意。

文溯阁东方有方形碑亭一座，内立石碑一块。正面刻有乾隆帝撰写的《御制文溯阁碑记》，背面刻有乾隆撰写的《宋孝宗论》。碑文详细记录了建阁经过和《四库全书》的收藏情况。

文溯阁后为养媳在，是皇帝读书之所，阁前宫门外有嘉荫堂，左右有出廊，南面还有戏台，是乾隆、嘉庆时期皇帝东巡赏戏的场所。

各位游客朋友们，我的讲解到此结束，接下来大家可以自由活动，但是请大家一定要注意人身及财物安全，请大家谨记我们的集合时间和地点，谢谢大家!

各位朋友：

大家好!欢迎来到故宫，我是今天的小导游，跟我一起去参观一下故宫吧!

大家现在看到的是故宫的正门。它叫午门。午门又称五凤楼。远远望去，五座崇楼在楼顶展翅飞翔，既雄伟又壮观，大家可以亲身体验一下哦!

现在大家看到的是太和殿，是末代皇帝举行登基大典礼的地方。太和殿高35米，东西长64米，南北宽33米，总面积为2377平方米。这顶皇椅金碧辉煌，刻着无数条龙，代表着大清皇帝的威严和权势。皇椅前放着一张也刻着龙的板凳，是为了让皇帝舒服，给皇帝搁脚用的。现在大家可以尽情地拍照留念，不过只给大家10分钟时间哦。

现在咱们来到的是刻着龙的石板上。石板上有各式各样的龙，有的蜿蜒盘旋，有的两条龙互相缠绕在一起，千姿百态。

大家跟着我，继续走，现在来到的是御花园。里面有用石头拼凑成的一尊石像。看上去两只眼睛目不转睛地盯着你，可恐怖了!用石头堆积成的一座小小的山上长着一簇草，十分引人注目!御花园里有许多绿色的草木，对眼睛近视的人特别好哦!这儿的花，有的含苞欲放，有的争奇斗艳，有的还只有一两片花瓣。御花园里还有“送星”，让人看了眼花缭乱。这里还有瀑布呢，大家一定会想起李白的一句诗：“飞流直下三千尺，疑是银河落九天。”虽然它不是那么长，但也挺好看的。现在大家可以敬请参观，30分钟后我们集合。

好了，各位亲爱的朋友，故宫参观完了，大家觉得美吗?欢迎大家再次来故宫参观。

大家好!今天由我来带着大家游玩天坛公园，我叫马思宇，大家也可以叫我马导，现在让我来给大家介绍一下天坛公园。

天坛的美丽景色打动了五湖四海、四面八方的游客，那里的建筑十分壮观、美丽，是不容置疑的世界文化遗产。天坛建于公元15世纪上半叶，坐落在皇家园林当中，四周古松怀抱，是保存完好的坛庙建筑群。

天坛里还有许许多多有趣的建筑呢!

1。祈年殿：祈年殿大家一定不耳生，它可是天坛的代表作呢!原来它是皇帝祈祷五谷丰登的场所，是一座三重檐的圆形大殿，里面刻着精美的图画，最顶上按着一块石头叫龙凤石，可以隐隐约约的看见一条龙和一只凤，到了祈年殿大家可以看一看。祈年殿高38米，直径32。72米，蓝色的琉璃瓦顶，全砖木结构，没有大梁、长檩，全靠28根结实的木柱子和36根枋支撑，是具有高度的艺术价值的艺术品。

2。回音壁：朋友们，我小的时候来这里，我们就去了这里，我在东，爸爸在西，我小声的说了个：“老爸”过来一会儿，我俩会合了，爸爸问我：“你是不是说了个老爸?”我惊奇的答道：“是，你是怎么知道的?”爸爸说：“回音壁是皇穹宇的围墙。墙高3。72米，厚0。9米，圆径61。5米，周长193。32米。围墙的弧度十分规则的。”怎么样?有趣吧!不信的话到那里试一试吧!

3。圜丘坛：圜丘坛是皇帝举行祭天大礼的地方，站在它的最上层中央的圆石上，虽小声说话，却显得十分洪亮。还有台面上墁嵌九重天。即第一重日天，第二重月天，第三重金星天，第四重木星天，第五重水星天，第六重火星天，第七重土星天，第八重二十八宿天，第九重宗天。“

怎么样?大家一定迫不及待了吧!听了我的介绍大家一定对天坛有了一定的了解吧!不过我的口下可说不完天坛的美丽和炫丽，还需要大家去细细游赏!祝大家玩的开心!我们一会儿见!

大家好!我叫朱芮娴，是大伙的导游，大伙可以叫我朱导。今天，我们要观光世界遗产----北京故宫。

故宫又称紫禁城，在北京城中心。占面积72万多平方米，宫殿有楼阁9900余间。是明、清两代皇帝的住所。城四周各设一门，南面的正门是午门，北门叫神武门，东门叫东华门，西门叫西华门。据说，造就故宫就召集了全国著名的工匠23万人左右，民夫100万人，由此可以知道故宫多少大，有多少壮观。故宫整个院落分为两大部分，即“前朝”和“后寝”。“前朝”是皇帝举行盛大典礼的地方，以太和殿、中和殿、保和殿及东西两侧的文华殿及武英殿为主。“后寝”是皇帝及后妃、未成年的子嗣们居住的地方，主要以乾清宫、交泰殿、坤宁宫及东西六宫为主。

大家请看，这座建筑物就是午门，午门又称五凤楼。明代，每年正月十五，午门都要悬挂灯赐食百官。到了清代，这个活动就取消了，此外，国家凡有征战凯旋时，皇帝都要在此接受献俘典礼，皇帝亲征也从午门出驾。关于戏曲舞台上“推出午门斩首”的说法，实际上是明代朝廷命官犯罪在午门廷杖，好，我们再往前走。

现在我们已来到了太和殿广常这是铜香炉，这里一共有18 个，代表清朝18个剩东西两侧各有一只铜制的仙鹤和龟，是代表长寿的象征。看，现在展现在我们眼前的是太和殿，是整座紫禁城内级别最高的建筑，只有皇帝举行盛大典礼时才使用，象征皇权的至高无上，。太和殿俗称金銮殿，太和殿正面有12根大柱，东西约63米，高35米。整个大殿雕梁画栋，一条条巨龙蜿蜒盘旋在大红柱子上，这些龙姿态不一，刻画的栩栩如生。整个宫殿也非常豪华富贵。殿内有2米高的平台，上面雕刻着9条金龙的宝座。后面有金漆围屏，前面有御案。殿顶形式为最高等级的重檐庑殿顶，就连大殿正脊上的吻兽也是我国目前最大的，总之处处显示“第一”。

看完了太和殿，我们再来看中和殿。大家请看!中和殿是皇帝在大典前等待吉时、稍事休息的地方。下面，请大家跟我来一起参观当时的国宴厅--保和殿。各位朋友，这座大殿是故宫前朝三大殿中的最后一座大殿，叫保和殿。这座大殿被称为清代的国宴厅及科举考常

现在我们来到了乾清宫，这是皇帝在紫禁城中居住和处理日常政事的地方。乾清宫分为中殿、东暖阁及西暖阁三个部分。正殿是皇帝处理日常政务、临时按见大臣的地方，殿中设有皇帝宝座及御案，正中挂着一块“正大光明”匾，那是清朝皇帝的祖训，作为治国、修身、平天下的基本准则。东、西暖阁是皇帝晚上住宿的地方。

现在请各位随我去参观交泰殿。各位请看，这座四角攒尖顶的大殿叫交泰殿，这座建筑是明清两朝皇后过生日时举行寿庆活动的地方。在大殿后墙匾额上有“无为”二字，那里是康熙皇帝的御笔，意思是希望后代能够以德制国，施以仁政，以图国家长治久安。

各位朋友，现在我们来到了紫禁城的后花园--御花园，这里是帝后们的休闲娱乐的场所。大家可以在此拍照留念。

很高兴今天能为大家讲解，那么接下去的时间就交由你们各自安排。另外，请爱护我们的文化遗产，不要随意破坏他们，谢谢。